Breakdown of Ele entrou descalço, mas eu prefiro usar chinelos.
eu
I
ele
he
mas
but
entrar
to enter
preferir
to prefer
usar
to wear
descalço
barefoot
o chinelo
the slipper
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Questions & Answers about Ele entrou descalço, mas eu prefiro usar chinelos.
Why is it descalço (singular, masculine) and not descalços?
Because the adjective agrees with the subject ele (he): masculine singular. If the subject changed, the adjective would change too:
- Ela entrou descalça. (she, feminine singular)
- Eles entraram descalços. (they, masculine/mixed plural)
- Elas entraram descalças. (they, feminine plural)
Is descalço acting like an adverb here?
No. It’s an adjective used as a predicative complement of the subject with a verb of motion. Portuguese often uses adjectives after verbs like entrar, sair, chegar, voltar to describe how the subject is:
- Saiu zangado. (He left angry.)
- Chegou cansada. (She arrived tired.) English often uses an adverb here (“entered barefoot”), but Portuguese uses an adjective agreeing with the subject.
Can I say Ele entrou descalços?
No, not with a singular subject. But you can say:
- Entrou de pés descalços. (He entered with bare feet.) Here the plural comes from pés (feet), not from the subject.
Why is there a comma before mas?
Mas introduces a contrast, so a comma is standard before it: …, mas …. If you start a sentence with it, you don’t need anything before: Mas eu prefiro… Both are normal in European Portuguese.
Can I drop eu and say … mas prefiro usar chinelos?
Yes. European Portuguese frequently drops subject pronouns when the verb form makes the subject clear. Keeping eu adds emphasis/contrast (“he did X, but I prefer Y”).
Why use usar instead of calçar or vestir?
- Usar = to wear/use (general and very common): usar chinelos.
- Calçar = to put on/wear footwear: calçar os chinelos is also fine.
- Vestir = to put on/wear clothes (not footwear), so not used with chinelos. In this sentence, prefiro usar chinelos is idiomatic; prefiro calçar chinelos is also acceptable in Portugal.
Why is there no article before chinelos?
A bare plural in Portuguese often expresses a general preference: prefiro usar chinelos = “I prefer wearing slippers/flip-flops (in general).” Use an article for a specific pair: prefiro usar os chinelos = “I prefer to wear the slippers (we’ve been talking about).”
What exactly does chinelos mean in Portugal?
It commonly refers to:
- House slippers.
- Flip‑flops (also just chinelos; you can specify chinelos de praia). Other terms:
- Pantufas = soft, often closed slippers (a type of chinelos).
- Sandálias = sandals (strapped footwear, not flip‑flops).
Could I say … mas prefiro os chinelos?
Yes, but that means “I prefer the slippers,” not explicitly “to wear them.” It’s fine if context makes the action obvious. Prefiro usar (os) chinelos is clearer about the action of wearing.
Why is it entrou and not a present tense like entra?
Entrou is the simple past (pretérito perfeito) indicating a completed action in the past: “He entered.” Entra would mean “he enters” (present, habitual or immediate).
Can descalço go in another position?
The neutral spot is after the verb: Ele entrou descalço. Other orders exist but sound marked or literary:
- Descalço, ele entrou. (fronted for emphasis)
- Ele, descalço, entrou. (parenthetical) These are less common in everyday speech.
How would the sentence change with a different subject?
- Ela entrou descalça, mas eu prefiro usar chinelos.
- Eles entraram descalços, mas eu prefiro usar chinelos.
- Drop the first subject if clear: Entrou descalço… (he).
Is there a set phrase with de to talk about footwear?
Yes. De + item means “wearing”: Entrou de chinelos = “He entered in slippers/flip‑flops.” You can also say Entrou descalço (barefoot) or Entrou de pés descalços.
What’s the difference between andar descalço and entrar descalço?
- Entrar descalço = describes the state at the moment of entering.
- Andar descalço = to go/walk around barefoot (more general, over a period).
How do I pronounce the sentence in European Portuguese?
Approximate EP pronunciation:
- Ele entrou descalço, mas eu prefiro usar chinelos. [ˈeɫɨ ẽˈtɾow dɨʃˈkaɫsu | maʃ ew pɾɨˈfiɾu uˈzaɾ ʃiˈnɛluʃ] Notes:
- ch = [ʃ] as in “sh.”
- Final -s often sounds like [ʃ] in EP.
- eu ≈ “ehw.”
Is mas the only way to say “but” here?
No, but it’s the most common in speech. Alternatives:
- porém (more formal/literary): Entrou descalço; porém, eu prefiro…
- só que (colloquial): Entrou descalço, só que eu prefiro… Stick with mas for neutral, everyday use.