Learn Hardcore Portuguese (Brazil): Depois que a tela for consertada, eu vou ligar para você. - After the screen is fixed, I’m going to call you.

Depois que is followed by a finite verb clause (a full “mini-sentence”): depois que a tela for consertada.
Depois de is followed by a noun or infinitive: depois de consertar a tela / depois do conserto da tela.
So the choice depends on what comes next grammatically.

Why is it for consertada and not é/está consertada?

Because this clause refers to something that will happen in the future relative to the main action. After depois que, Portuguese typically uses the future subjunctive to express a future condition/time:

depois que ... for ... = after it gets fixed (once it is fixed)
Using é/está consertada would describe a present/general state instead of a future “once it happens” idea.

What tense/mood is for in a tela for consertada?

For is the future subjunctive of the verb ser (to be).
It’s used a lot after time/condition connectors when the event is still in the future, especially in Brazilian Portuguese: quando, assim que, depois que, se, etc.

How is a tela for consertada built—why does it look like passive voice?

It’s a passive structure: ser + past participle.

ser in future subjunctive: for
past participle of consertar: consertada (agreeing with a tela)
So it literally means “after the screen is fixed” (passively: someone fixes it).

Why does consertada end in -a?

Past participles used like adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun.

a tela is feminine singular → consertada (feminine singular)
If it were plural: as telas forem consertadas.

Could I say Depois que a tela consertar... instead?

Not with that meaning. A tela consertar would suggest the screen fixes something (or itself), which isn’t what you want.
To keep the idea “the screen gets repaired,” you’d normally use:

Passive: depois que a tela for consertada
Or an alternative “get” style: depois que consertarem a tela (they fix the screen).

Why is there eu? Can it be omitted?

Yes, eu is optional in most contexts because the verb already shows the person: vou ligar implies “I’m going to call.”
Including eu can add emphasis or clarity (e.g., contrasting with someone else).

Why use vou ligar instead of ligarei?

Both can work, but they feel different:

vou ligar (ir + infinitive) is extremely common in speech and sounds natural and immediate.
ligarei (simple future) can sound more formal, planned, or written.
In everyday Brazilian Portuguese, vou ligar is often preferred.

Does ligar here definitely mean “call (on the phone)”?

In this structure ligar para alguém, yes: it means “to call someone.”
Ligar can also mean “to turn on” (a device), but that would be ligar [algo] (no para): vou ligar o celular.

Why is it ligar para você and not ligar você?

Because the standard pattern is ligar para + person: ligar para você / para ele / para a Maria.
You may hear ligar pra você in speech (a contraction of para), but the structure still uses para.

Can I replace para você with te?

Often, yes, depending on your style and region:

vou ligar para você (very common, clear, widely neutral)
vou te ligar (also common in Brazil, more informal; te = you, object pronoun)
Both mean the same here. In some contexts, people avoid te if they don’t use tu in their dialect, but in Brazil te is still widely used even with você.

What’s the difference between depois que and quando/assim que in this sentence?

All can work, with slight nuance:

depois que emphasizes sequence: first the repair, then the call.
assim que emphasizes immediacy: “as soon as it’s fixed.”
quando is more neutral: “when it’s fixed.”
All would typically keep the future subjunctive here: quando/assim que/depois que a tela for consertada.