Word
Moja siostra cierpi na ból głowy, więc dziś odpoczywa w domu.
Meaning
My sister is suffering from a headache, so she is resting at home today.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Lesson
Breakdown of Moja siostra cierpi na ból głowy, więc dziś odpoczywa w domu.
mój
my
więc
so
dziś
today
odpoczywać
to rest
Questions & Answers about Moja siostra cierpi na ból głowy, więc dziś odpoczywa w domu.
Why is it moja siostra and not some other form?
Because moja siostra is the subject of the sentence, so both words are in the nominative case.
- siostra = sister in nominative singular
- moja = my, matching a feminine singular noun in nominative
Polish adjectives and possessive words must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case, so moja siostra is the correct subject form.
Why isn’t there any word for a or the?
Polish does not have articles. There is no direct equivalent of English a or the.
So:
- siostra can mean a sister, the sister, or just sister
- ból głowy can mean a headache or the headache, depending on context
You understand definiteness from context rather than from a separate word.
What does cierpi na mean here?
Cierpieć na means to suffer from.
It is a common pattern in Polish:
- cierpieć na grypę = to suffer from the flu
- cierpieć na bezsenność = to suffer from insomnia
- cierpieć na ból głowy = to suffer from a headache / headaches
The verb cierpieć often sounds a bit stronger or more formal than plain English to have.