Czy możesz wezwać sąsiadkę, która ma gaśnicę i mieszka obok?

Czy is a question particle. It helps turn the sentence into a yes/no question.

• Możesz wezwać sąsiadkę... = You can call/summon the neighbor...
• Czy możesz wezwać sąsiadkę...? = Can you call/summon the neighbor...?

In everyday Polish, people often omit czy and just use intonation:

• Możesz wezwać sąsiadkę?

That is also correct and common.

Because sąsiadkę is in the accusative case.

The verb wezwać takes a direct object, and direct objects often go into the accusative:

• nominative: sąsiadka = the female neighbor
• accusative: sąsiadkę = the female neighbor (as the object of the verb)

So:

• Sąsiadka mieszka obok. = The neighbor lives next door.
• Możesz wezwać sąsiadkę. = Can you call/summon the neighbor?

Yes. Sąsiadkę is specifically female.

Related forms:

• sąsiadka = female neighbor
• sąsiad = male neighbor

If you wanted a male neighbor, you would say:

• Czy możesz wezwać sąsiada...?

If you wanted something more general, Polish often still forces you to choose a grammatical gender depending on the noun you use.

Because która is the subject of the relative clause.

In the part:

• która ma gaśnicę i mieszka obok

the woman is the one who has and lives, so the relative pronoun is nominative:

• która = who (subject)

Compare:

• To jest sąsiadka, która ma gaśnicę. = This is the neighbor who has a fire extinguisher.
• To jest sąsiadka, którą widzę. = This is the neighbor whom I see.

In the second example, którą is the object, so accusative is needed.

Because in Polish, relative clauses introduced by words like który / która / które are normally separated by a comma.

So:

• sąsiadkę, która ma gaśnicę i mieszka obok

This is standard Polish punctuation.

English is also similar here:

• the neighbor, who has a fire extinguisher and lives next door

For the same reason as sąsiadkę: it is a direct object, so it takes the accusative.

• nominative: gaśnica = fire extinguisher
• accusative: gaśnicę = fire extinguisher (as an object)

In the clause:

• która ma gaśnicę

the verb ma (has) takes an object, so gaśnica changes to gaśnicę.

Here obok means something like next door, nearby, or beside depending on context.

In this sentence:

• mieszka obok

it most naturally means lives next door or lives nearby.

A useful detail: obok can also be used with a noun in the genitive:

• obok domu = next to the house
• obok mnie = beside me

But when it stands alone, as here, it just means nearby / next door.

It describes one woman.

The structure means:

• the neighbor who has a fire extinguisher and lives next door

Both verbs:

• ma = has
• mieszka = lives

refer to the same person: sąsiadkę.

So the sentence is identifying which neighbor you mean.

It is understandable, but its tone depends on context.

Wezwać often means:

• to summon
• to call for
• to send for

It can sound a bit formal, official, or urgent.

If the situation is an emergency, it can work well. But in everyday speech, depending on what you mean, other verbs may sound more natural:

• zawołać sąsiadkę = call the neighbor over / call out to the neighbor
• poprosić sąsiadkę = ask the neighbor
• zadzwonić do sąsiadki = call the neighbor by phone

So this sentence is grammatically fine, but the most natural verb may vary with the situation.

Because wezwać is the perfective form.

Polish verbs often come in aspect pairs:

• wzywać = imperfective
• wezwać = perfective

Here the speaker is asking about one complete action: calling/summoning that neighbor. That is why the perfective form fits well.

With możesz, perfective infinitives are very common when talking about whether a single action can be done:

• Czy możesz to zrobić? = Can you do it?
• Czy możesz wezwać sąsiadkę? = Can you call the neighbor?

Yes, Polish word order is fairly flexible.

The given sentence is natural:

• Czy możesz wezwać sąsiadkę, która ma gaśnicę i mieszka obok?

But other orders are possible, especially for emphasis. For example:

• Czy możesz wezwać tę sąsiadkę, która mieszka obok i ma gaśnicę?

This can sound slightly more specific or emphatic.

Still, the original order is clear and normal. Polish usually keeps a neutral order unless the speaker wants to stress a particular part.

Yes. Very often Polish yes/no questions are formed without czy.

So these are both possible:

• Czy możesz wezwać sąsiadkę, która ma gaśnicę i mieszka obok?
• Możesz wezwać sąsiadkę, która ma gaśnicę i mieszka obok?

The second version relies more on intonation. It is common in speech.

The nasal vowels ą and ę are often tricky for English speakers.

A practical pronunciation guide:

• sąsiadkę ≈ son-shat-keh
• gaśnicę ≈ gash-्नी-tseh (more naturally, gash-ny-tseh)

A few helpful points:

• ą before s often sounds close to on
• ę at the end of a word is often pronounced less strongly as a full nasal vowel in everyday speech
• ś is a soft sh-like sound
• ci / ni before vowels can sound softened

You do not need a perfect nasal sound right away; being approximately correct is usually enough to be understood.

A few natural alternatives are:

• Czy możesz zawołać sąsiadkę, która ma gaśnicę i mieszka obok?
• Czy możesz poprosić sąsiadkę, która mieszka obok i ma gaśnicę?
• Możesz zawołać sąsiadkę z gaśnicą?
  = Can you call the neighbor with the fire extinguisher?

The best choice depends on what you mean:

• wezwać = summon / send for
• zawołać = call out to
• poprosić = ask
• zadzwonić do = call on the phone

So the original sentence is correct, but there are several natural alternatives depending on the exact situation.