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Learn Hardcore Polish: Ona bardzo lubi ten film. - She likes this movie very much.

Hardcore Polish
/Lesson 56
/Ona bardzo lubi ten film.

Ona bardzo lubi ten film.

Ona bardzo lubi ten film.

She likes this movie very much.

Breakdown of Ona bardzo lubi ten film.

Questions & Answers about Ona bardzo lubi ten film.

What is the grammatical role of each word in Ona bardzo lubi ten film?

Ona = the subject pronoun, she
bardzo = an adverb, here meaning very much / really
lubi = the verb, likes
ten film = the direct object, this film/movie

So the structure is:

subject + adverb + verb + object

Why is ona included? Could you just say Bardzo lubi ten film?

Yes, you could.

In Polish, the verb form lubi already tells you the subject is he/she/it. Because of that, subject pronouns like ja, ty, ona are often omitted unless they are needed.

Including ona can:

make the subject clearer,
add emphasis,
create contrast, as in She likes this film, but he doesn’t.

So:

Ona bardzo lubi ten film = perfectly correct, with she stated
Bardzo lubi ten film = also correct, and often more natural in context

Why is bardzo used here, and why does it come before the verb?

bardzo

very much

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Bardzo literally means very, but with verbs it is often translated more naturally as very much or really.

So:

bardzo lubi = likes very much / really likes

This is one of the places where Polish and English differ in word order:

English: She likes this film very much
Polish: Ona bardzo lubi ten film

In Polish, bardzo commonly goes before the verb when it modifies the action or feeling.

What is the infinitive of lubi, and how is this verb conjugated?

The infinitive is lubić, meaning to like.

Lubi is the 3rd person singular present-tense form, used with:

on = he
ona = she
ono = it

Present tense of lubić:

ja lubię = I like
ty lubisz = you like
on/ona/ono lubi = he/she/it likes
my lubimy = we like
wy lubicie = you all like
oni/one lubią = they like

Why is it ten film and not some other form?

Because film is the direct object of lubić, and lubić takes the accusative case.

However, film is a masculine inanimate noun, and in the singular, masculine inanimate nouns often have the same form in the nominative and accusative.

So:

nominative: ten film
accusative: ten film

That is why nothing changes here.

This can be confusing at first, because the object looks the same as the subject form, but grammatically it is still accusative.

Why is it ten? Does Polish have words like the and a?

Ten means this.

Polish does not have articles like English the or a/an. So ten is not an article — it is a demonstrative word, like this or that one.

So:

ten film = this film / this movie
film by itself = just film/movie, with the exact meaning depending on context

Using ten makes the noun specific.

Why is it ten film and not ta film or to film?

Because film is a masculine noun.

In Polish, words like ten, ta, to must agree with the gender of the noun:

ten = masculine
ta = feminine
to = neuter

Since film is masculine, you say:

ten film

Not:

ta film
to film

A useful rule of thumb: many Polish nouns ending in a consonant are masculine, and film ends in a consonant.

Can the word order be changed?

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English word order, because endings and verb forms carry a lot of grammatical information.

The neutral version here is:

Ona bardzo lubi ten film

But you may also hear:

Ten film ona bardzo lubi — puts more emphasis on this film
Bardzo lubi ten film — natural if the subject is already understood
Ten film bardzo lubi — possible in context, though less neutral

Even when the order changes, the basic meaning can stay similar, but the emphasis changes.

Is lubić the right verb for a general preference, or is there an aspect issue here?

Yes, lubić is the normal verb for to like in the sense of a lasting feeling, preference, or general attitude.

It is imperfective.

That makes sense because liking is usually treated as:

a state,
a repeated feeling,
or a general preference.

There is also polubić, which usually means to come to like or to start liking.

Compare:

Ona lubi ten film = She likes this film
Ona polubiła ten film = She came to like this film / She ended up liking this film

Does film in Polish mean film or movie?

In everyday Polish, film very often means movie.

So in a sentence like Ona bardzo lubi ten film, an English speaker will usually translate it as:

She really likes this movie or
She likes this film very much

Both are fine, depending on your English style.

How is the sentence pronounced?

A simple English-friendly approximation is:

Ona = OH-na
bardzo = BAR-dzo
lubi = LOO-bee
ten = ten with a short e, like in met
film = close to English film

A rough full pronunciation:

OH-na BAR-dzo LOO-bee ten feelm

A few helpful notes:

Polish stress usually falls on the second-to-last syllable of a word.
rz in bardzo does not sound like English r + z separately.
film is short and crisp in Polish, not drawn out.

Could I leave out bardzo?

Yes.

If you say:

Ona lubi ten film

that simply means:

She likes this film

Adding bardzo strengthens the feeling:

Ona bardzo lubi ten film = She likes this film very much / She really likes this film

So bardzo is optional, but it adds intensity.

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