Sprawdzam rozkład jazdy na dworcu, bo nie wiem, o której godzinie odjeżdża pociąg.

Sprawdzam is the 1st person singular present tense of sprawdzać/sprawdzić, so it means I am checking or I check.

Here it describes what the speaker is doing now, so sprawdzam is the natural form.

• sprawdzać = imperfective, focuses on the process
• sprawdzić = perfective, focuses on completing the check

So Sprawdzam rozkład jazdy means I’m checking the timetable, not I will check it once and finish.

Rozkład jazdy is the standard Polish expression for a timetable or schedule for public transport.

Literally:

• rozkład = arrangement, layout, schedule
• jazdy = of travel / of driving / of running

So literally it is something like the schedule of travel, but in normal English you should just think of it as timetable.

It is a fixed expression, so learners should memorize rozkład jazdy as one unit.

Polish often uses prepositions differently from English.

Na dworcu means at the station. Even though English might say in the station in some situations, Polish commonly uses na with dworzec when talking about being at a railway or bus station.

• dworzec = station terminal, especially train or bus station
• na dworcu = at the station

This is just something you largely have to learn as a collocation.

After na in this meaning, Polish uses the locative case.

So:

• dictionary form: dworzec
• locative singular: dworcu

That is why you get:

• na dworcu = at the station

The ending changes because Polish nouns change form depending on their grammatical role.

Both can mean because, but they differ in style.

• bo = very common, everyday, conversational
• ponieważ = more formal, a bit more written or careful

In this sentence, bo sounds completely natural:

• Sprawdzam rozkład jazdy, bo nie wiem...

If you used ponieważ, the sentence would still be correct, just slightly more formal.

In Polish, wiedzieć and znać are not used the same way as English know.

• wiedzieć = to know a fact / information
• znać = to know a person, place, language, or be familiar with something

Here the speaker does not know information: the departure time. So Polish uses nie wiem:

• nie wiem, o której godzinie odjeżdża pociąg = I don’t know what time the train leaves

You would not normally say nie znam here.

This is the standard Polish way to ask at what time.

• o = at
• której = which
• godzinie = hour

So literally it is at which hour.

Polish uses o with clock times:

• o piątej = at five
• o której? = at what time?

That is why o której godzinie appears after nie wiem.

They are in the locative singular, because the preposition o requires the locative when talking about time.

• która → której
• godzina → godzinie

So:

• o której godzinie = at what time

This is a useful pattern to remember:

• O której godzinie...?
• O której...?

Yes. In fact, o której is often more natural in everyday speech.

So these are both correct:

• Nie wiem, o której godzinie odjeżdża pociąg.
• Nie wiem, o której odjeżdża pociąg.

The version with godzinie is a little fuller and more explicit, but both mean the same thing.

Odjeżdżać is the standard verb for a train, bus, or similar vehicle departing.

• odjeżdżać = to depart, to leave on a route
• wyjeżdżać = to leave/go out, often from a place or for a trip, but less specifically like a scheduled departure board verb

For trains and timetables, odjeżdżać is the most natural choice:

• Pociąg odjeżdża o szóstej. = The train leaves at six.

So in this sentence, odjeżdża pociąg is exactly what you would expect.

Polish, like English, often uses the present tense for scheduled future events.

So:

• Pociąg odjeżdża o 18:10 = The train leaves at 18:10

This does not mean the train is leaving right now. It means that according to the schedule, that is its departure time.

So the present tense here is completely normal.

Polish word order is more flexible than English word order, and speakers often move words around for rhythm, emphasis, or information structure.

In:

• nie wiem, o której godzinie odjeżdża pociąg

putting pociąg at the end sounds natural and neutral.

You could also say:

• nie wiem, o której godzinie pociąg odjeżdża

That is also correct, but it may sound slightly less natural in this specific sentence. Polish often prefers the verb before the subject in clauses like this, especially after question words or question-like structures.

Yes. In standard Polish spelling, a comma is normally used before bo.

So:

• Sprawdzam rozkład jazdy na dworcu, bo nie wiem...

This comma separates the main clause from the clause introduced by bo.

Polish does not have articles like English the and a/an.

So:

• rozkład jazdy can mean a timetable or the timetable
• pociąg can mean a train or the train

The exact meaning depends on context.

That is why the sentence does not contain separate words for the or a.

Not exactly.

• dworzec = a station building/terminal, especially a major rail or bus station
• stacja = station more generally, such as a train station stop or also other types of station like stacja benzynowa (gas station)

In this sentence, na dworcu suggests being at the railway station as a place where you can check departures. That is very natural here.

Sometimes, but the meaning changes a little.

• sprawdzam rozkład jazdy = I am checking the timetable
• patrzę na rozkład jazdy = I am looking at the timetable

Sprawdzam suggests you are looking for information in it.
Patrzę na only says you are looking at it physically.

So in this sentence, sprawdzam is better because the second clause explains that the speaker wants to find out the departure time.