Proszę pani, na którym dziale jest nabiał i gdzie są winogrona?

Proszę pani is a polite way to get a woman’s attention, similar to Excuse me, ma’am or Miss depending on context.

In this sentence, it comes before the question to sound respectful when speaking to a female employee or stranger.

A few useful contrasts:

• Proszę pani = addressing a woman
• Proszę pana = addressing a man
• Proszę państwa = addressing a group

It is a fixed polite expression, so it is best learned as a whole phrase.

Because the speaker is asking about location: On which department/section is the dairy?

In Polish:

• na + locative is used for a static location
• na + accusative is used for movement toward something

So:

• na którym dziale = in/on which section (location)
• na który dział = onto/to which section (movement)

Here, nobody is moving yet; the speaker is asking where something already is, so locative is needed.

The basic dictionary form is który = which.
But Polish adjectives and adjective-like words change their endings to match case, gender, and number.

Because dziale is in the locative singular, który also changes:

• który dział = which section
• na którym dziale = in/on which section

So którym is just the correct case form of który.

The base noun is dział = department / section.

After the preposition na in a location meaning, the noun goes into the locative case:

• dział → na dziale

So dziale is the locative singular form of dział.

This is very common in Polish: the noun changes form after certain prepositions.

Because the two nouns behave differently grammatically.

• nabiał is treated as a singular mass/collective noun
• winogrona is plural

So:

• jest nabiał = dairy is / dairy products are
• są winogrona = grapes are

Polish verbs agree with the grammatical number of the noun:

• singular → jest
• plural → są

Even though nabiał refers to many products, grammatically it is singular.

Nabiał means dairy products as a category: milk, yogurt, cheese, cream, etc.

It does not usually mean one specific item. It refers to the whole dairy category or dairy section in a shop.

That is why it works well in a supermarket question like this.

Because winogrona means grapes in the plural.

• winogrono = one grape
• winogrona = grapes

If you are asking where the grapes are in a store, the plural is natural, so Polish uses:

• gdzie są winogrona?

Using the singular would sound like you were asking about one individual grape.

Yes, na dziale is very natural in the context of shops and store departments in Polish.

For example:

• na dziale mięsnym = at the meat section
• na dziale warzywnym = at the vegetable section

English speakers often expect in the department, but Polish commonly uses na with store sections.
You may sometimes hear other constructions in different contexts, but for supermarket-style departments, na dziale is idiomatic.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English word order.

This sentence:

• Proszę pani, na którym dziale jest nabiał i gdzie są winogrona?

could be rearranged in other ways without changing the basic meaning very much, for example:

• Proszę pani, gdzie są winogrona i na którym dziale jest nabiał?

The original version is perfectly natural. In Polish, word order often changes for emphasis, rhythm, or what the speaker wants to mention first.

It is basically two questions joined by i (and):

1. Na którym dziale jest nabiał?
2. Gdzie są winogrona?

Putting them together is natural if you are asking a store employee for two pieces of information at once.

Yes. If the situation is already clear, you can simply ask:

• Na którym dziale jest nabiał i gdzie są winogrona?

Adding Proszę pani makes the sentence more polite and more natural when addressing a female stranger or employee directly.

So:

• without it = still correct
• with it = more polite

A simple pronunciation guide is:

PRO-sheh PA-nee, na KTU-rim JYA-leh yest NA-byał i GDJ-eh sɔ̃ vee-no-GRO-na

A few helpful points:

• sz sounds like English sh
• dz in gdzie is pronounced together, roughly like a soft j/dz sound
• ł sounds like English w
• Polish stress usually falls on the second-to-last syllable, so:
  • pro-SZĘ
  • PA-ni
  • na-BIAŁ
  • wino-GRO-na

You do not need a perfect accent to be understood, but getting ł = w right is especially helpful.

Yes, this is a natural and polite sentence.

It sounds like something a customer might say to a female employee:

• Proszę pani, na którym dziale jest nabiał i gdzie są winogrona?

A slightly simpler alternative would also be common:

• Proszę pani, gdzie jest nabiał i gdzie są winogrona?

But the original sentence is perfectly good, especially if the speaker is specifically asking about the store section for dairy.