Szefowa prosi, żebym przesłała plik do nowego folderu.

Szefowa means female boss / manager, while szef is male boss or sometimes a general boss in less precise usage.

So this sentence tells you that the boss is a woman.

• szef = male boss
• szefowa = female boss

In everyday Polish, szefowa is very common when talking about a woman in charge.

Prosi is the 3rd person singular present tense of prosić (to ask / request).

Here it matches szefowa:

• szefowa prosi = the boss asks / is asking

Compare:

• proszę = I ask / please
• prosi = he/she asks
• prosić = to ask

So Szefowa prosi literally means The (female) boss asks.

Żebym means something like that I should, for me to, or so that I may in this kind of sentence.

It is made from:

• żeby = that / so that / in order that
• -m = shortened form of ja-related verb agreement

So:

• Szefowa prosi, żebym przesłała plik...
  = My boss is asking me to send/upload the file...

A very literal breakdown would be:

• The boss asks, that I send the file...

That sounds unnatural in English, but it is a normal structure in Polish.

This is one of the most confusing things for learners.

After żeby / żebym / żebyś / żebyśmy and similar forms, Polish often uses a form that looks like the past tense, but here it does not mean past time. It expresses a desired, requested, intended, or hypothetical action.

So:

• żebym przesłała = that I send / that I should send

It is not saying I sent.
It is a special pattern used after żeby.

Compare:

• przesłałam plik = I sent the file
  → real past tense
• żebym przesłała plik = that I send the file / for me to send the file
  → not past, but requested/intended action

Because this form shows the gender of the speaker.

• przesłała = feminine speaker
• przesłał = masculine speaker

So the sentence suggests that the person speaking is a woman.

If a man said the same sentence, it would be:

• Szefowa prosi, żebym przesłał plik do nowego folderu.

This gender marking happens in past-tense-like forms and also in this żeby construction.

Przesłać usually means to send, often with the idea of sending something onward, electronically, or from one place/location to another. In computer or office contexts, it can work very naturally for send, upload, or transfer, depending on context.

Here, because of plik do nowego folderu, it sounds like:

• move/send/upload the file to the new folder

About wysłać:

• wysłać = to send out
• przesłać = to send/forward/transfer

In many contexts they overlap, but przesłać plik sounds especially natural for files, documents, email attachments, etc.

Plik is the accusative singular here, because it is the direct object of przesłać.

The infinitive is:

• plik = file

In this sentence:

• przesłać co? = send what?
• answer: plik

For this masculine inanimate noun, the accusative singular is the same as the nominative singular:

• ten plik = this file
• widzę ten plik = I see this file

So plik stays plik.

Because the preposition do requires the genitive case.

So:

• folder = base form
• do folderu = to the folder / into the folder
• do nowego folderu = to the new folder

The adjective also has to match the noun in case, gender, and number:

• nowy folder = new folder
• do nowego folderu = to the new folder

So both words change:

• nowy → nowego
• folder → folderu

In this context, it effectively means to / into the new folder.

With computer-related language, Polish often uses do for movement toward a destination:

• przenieść plik do folderu = move the file into the folder
• przesłać plik do folderu = send/upload/transfer the file to the folder

English may prefer into in some contexts, but Polish naturally uses do.

Because żeby / żebym introduces a subordinate clause, and Polish normally separates that clause with a comma.

So:

• Szefowa prosi, żebym przesłała plik...

This is standard punctuation.

You will often see the same with:

• Myślę, że... = I think that...
• Chcę, żeby... = I want ... to ...
• Powiedział, że... = He said that...

Yes. Polish word order is flexible, though some orders sound more neutral than others.

The given sentence is natural and neutral:

• Szefowa prosi, żebym przesłała plik do nowego folderu.

You could also hear:

• Szefowa prosi, żebym plik przesłała do nowego folderu.
• Szefowa prosi, żebym do nowego folderu przesłała plik.

But these versions may sound more marked, with different emphasis.

The most neutral order is usually the best for learners:

• żebym przesłała plik do nowego folderu

Yes. Folder is a normal Polish word, especially in computing, where it means folder in the computer sense.

Its forms include:

• folder = nominative
• folderu = genitive
• folderze = locative

So this is not unusual or overly English-sounding in modern Polish IT/office usage.

A male speaker would say:

• Szefowa prosi, żebym przesłał plik do nowego folderu.

The only change is:

• przesłała → przesłał

That is because Polish marks the speaker’s gender in this kind of form.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• żebym ≈ ZHE-bim
• przesłała ≈ pshe-SWA-wa

A few helpful notes:

• ż sounds like the s in measure
• rz / sz / cz / ż-type sounds are very important in Polish
• ł sounds like English w
• prze- often sounds roughly like pshe-

So the middle part of the sentence sounds roughly like:

• ZHE-bim pshe-SWA-wa

That is only an approximation, but it can help at first.

It can suggest either, depending on tone and context.

• prosi literally means asks
• but in workplace context, Szefowa prosi, żebym... may function very much like My boss wants me to... or My boss asked me to...

So even though the verb is ask, the real-life force may be closer to a request that is expected to be carried out.

Yes, in many contexts abym is possible, but it sounds more formal or literary.

• Szefowa prosi, żebym przesłała plik... = normal everyday Polish
• Szefowa prosi, abym przesłała plik... = more formal

For most everyday speech, żebym is the more natural choice.