Mój brat nie lubi marchewki, ale lubi paprykę w sałatce.

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Breakdown of Mój brat nie lubi marchewki, ale lubi paprykę w sałatce.

• mój: my
• w: in
• ale: but

Questions & Answers about Mój brat nie lubi marchewki, ale lubi paprykę w sałatce.

Why is it mój brat and not moja brat or moje brat?

Because mój has to agree with brat in gender, number, and case.

• brat = brother
• It is masculine singular
• In the nominative case, the matching form of my is mój

So:

• mój brat = my brother
• moja would be for a feminine noun, for example moja siostra = my sister
• moje would be for a neuter noun, for example moje dziecko = my child

Why is there no word for he in the sentence?

Polish often drops subject pronouns when they are not needed.

In English, you usually say He likes... or My brother likes...
In Polish, once the subject is clear, you normally do not add on (he) unless you want extra emphasis or contrast.

Here, mój brat already tells us who the subject is, so there is no need to say:

• Mój brat on nie lubi... — this would sound unnecessary in a neutral sentence

Polish is a pro-drop language, so leaving out pronouns is very common.