W dolinie pod górą płynie cicha rzeka.

in

Breakdown of W dolinie pod górą płynie cicha rzeka.

• cichy: quiet
• pod: under
• rzeka: the river

Questions & Answers about W dolinie pod górą płynie cicha rzeka.

What case is dolinie in, and why does it end in -ie instead of -a like the dictionary form dolina?

Dolinie is in the locative singular case.

• Dictionary form: dolina – nominative singular (the basic form you look up)
• Locative singular (feminine, hard stem): dolinie

The preposition w (“in”) usually takes the locative when it describes a static location (no movement), so you get:

• w dolinie – in the valley (location)
• w dolinę – into the valley (movement; uses accusative)

Because the sentence describes where something is happening (not where something is moving to), w must be followed by the locative: w dolinie.

What case is górą in, and why does it end in -ą?