Questions & Answers about Dzieci liczą świeczki na torcie i śmieją się.
In Polish, śmiać się is a reflexive verb and is almost always used with się.
- śmiać się = to laugh
- śmiać on its own is basically not used in modern Polish in this meaning.
So śmieją się literally means they laugh themselves, but in natural English we just say they are laughing. Leaving out się here would be ungrammatical.
The noun świeczki here is in the accusative plural.
- Base form (nominative singular): świeczka (a candle)
- Nominative plural: świeczki
- Accusative plural (for feminine nouns like this): also świeczki
In this sentence, świeczki is the direct object of liczą (they are counting what? ⇒ the candles), so it must be in the accusative case.
There are two different structures in Polish:
Verb + object (no numeral)
- Dzieci liczą świeczki. – The children are counting (the) candles.Here, is a normal direct object → .