System segregacji odpadów jest skomplikowany.

Because after system, Polish often uses another noun in the genitive to mean system of ....

So:

• system = system
• segregacja = segregation, sorting
• segregacji = of segregation / of sorting (genitive singular)

That makes system segregacji = the system of sorting.

Then segregacja itself is followed by odpadów:

• odpady = waste, trash
• odpadów = of waste (genitive plural)

So the structure is:

• system
  of
• segregacji
  of
• odpadów

Literally: system of segregation of waste.

In more natural English, that becomes the waste sorting system or the waste segregation system.

Because segregacja commonly takes the genitive: segregacja czego? = segregation/sorting of what?

So:

• odpady = waste
• segregacja odpadów = sorting of waste

This is a very common Polish pattern: a noun is followed by another noun in the genitive to show a relationship like of in English.

Because it agrees with system, which is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

Adjectives in Polish must agree with the noun they describe.

So:

• system = masculine singular
• skomplikowany = masculine singular form of complicated

If the noun changed, the adjective would change too:

• procedura jest skomplikowana = the procedure is complicated
  (procedura is feminine)
• zadanie jest skomplikowane = the task is complicated
  (zadanie is neuter)

Yes. System is a masculine inanimate noun.

You can see this in the adjective agreement:

• ten system = this system
• system jest skomplikowany = the system is complicated

A native English speaker often has to learn grammatical gender noun by noun, because English does not mark this the same way.

In standard Polish, when you say X is Y with an adjective, you normally use jest.

So:

• System segregacji odpadów jest skomplikowany. = The waste sorting system is complicated.

Leaving out jest would sound incomplete in a normal sentence.

Polish does sometimes omit parts of a sentence in casual speech or headlines, but for a full standard sentence here, jest is expected.

Because after jest, an adjective used as a predicate usually stays in the nominative:

• On jest miły. = He is nice.
• To jest trudne. = This is difficult.
• System jest skomplikowany. = The system is complicated.

The instrumental is commonly used after jest with nouns, not with adjectives:

• On jest nauczycielem. = He is a teacher.
• To jest problemem. can occur in certain structures, though often with a special nuance.

So here skomplikowany is an adjective describing system, so nominative is correct.

It is in the nominative singular, because it is the subject of the sentence.

You can ask:

• Co jest skomplikowane? = What is complicated?

Answer:

• System segregacji odpadów.

That tells you the whole noun phrase is functioning as the subject.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English because case endings show grammatical relationships.

The neutral, standard order is:

• System segregacji odpadów jest skomplikowany.

But you could also say:

• Skomplikowany jest system segregacji odpadów.
• System segregacji odpadów skomplikowany jest.
  This is much less neutral and sounds marked or literary.

Different word orders change emphasis, not the core meaning.

For learners, the original version is the safest and most natural.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• segregacji ≈ seh-greh-GA-tsyee

A few helpful points:

• Polish stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable
• so in segregacji, the stress falls on ga
• cj in this word sounds like tsy together: -cji ≈ tsyi / tsi

A rough breakdown of the whole sentence:

• System ≈ SIS-tem
• segregacji ≈ seh-greh-GA-tsyee
• odpadów ≈ ot-PA-doof
• jest ≈ yest
• skomplikowany ≈ skom-plee-ko-VA-nih

Odpady means waste, trash, or refuse, depending on context.

In this sentence, it refers to household or general waste that gets sorted for disposal or recycling.

So segregacja odpadów is often used for:

• waste sorting
• waste separation
• trash sorting

In everyday practical contexts, it can be very close to recycling sorting rules, though the literal meaning is broader than just recycling.

Yes, very common.

You will see it in contexts like:

• apartment building notices
• city recycling instructions
• public information posters
• government or municipal rules

Examples:

• Zasady segregacji odpadów = rules for waste sorting
• Pojemniki do segregacji odpadów = bins for waste sorting
• System segregacji odpadów = waste sorting system

Sometimes yes, depending on context, but it is not the most literal translation.

More literal options are:

• The waste sorting system is complicated.
• The waste segregation system is complicated.

Recycling system may be acceptable if the real-world context is specifically about recycling rules, but segregacja odpadów literally means sorting/separating waste, not exactly recycling itself.

Because Polish has no articles like English a/an/the.

So system can mean:

• a system
• the system

The exact meaning depends on context.

In this sentence, English would usually say the system or the waste sorting system, but Polish does not need a separate word for the.

It would be:

• Systemy segregacji odpadów są skomplikowane.
• Waste sorting systems are complicated.

Changes:

• system → systemy
• jest → są
• skomplikowany → skomplikowane

Notice that segregacji odpadów stays the same here, because that dependent phrase does not need to change in this sentence.

Yes. That means:

• a complicated waste sorting system
• the complicated waste sorting system

Here skomplikowany is used before the noun as a normal attributive adjective:

• skomplikowany system = a complicated system

Compare:

• System segregacji odpadów jest skomplikowany.
  The waste sorting system is complicated.
• To skomplikowany system segregacji odpadów.
  It is a complicated waste sorting system.

Both are correct; the grammar is just slightly different.

Probably these three things:

1. Genitive chains are normal in Polish
   system segregacji odpadów literally stacks of relationships.

2. Adjectives must agree with nouns
   skomplikowany matches masculine singular system.

3. No articles
   Polish does not use the or a.

If you understand those three points, this sentence becomes much easier to parse.