Przycinam łodygę i pęd, a potem przesadzam i nawożę roślinę doniczkową.

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Breakdown of Przycinam łodygę i pęd, a potem przesadzam i nawożę roślinę doniczkową.

• potem: then
• a: but
• roślina doniczkowa: the houseplant

Questions & Answers about Przycinam łodygę i pęd, a potem przesadzam i nawożę roślinę doniczkową.

What tense and person are the verbs in: przycinam, przesadzam, and nawożę?

They are all 1st person singular present tense, so they mean I trim, I repot/transplant, and I fertilize.

That is why the sentence sounds like someone describing their own actions: I am trimming..., then I am repotting...

Also, in Polish, the present tense of imperfective verbs can describe:

• what you are doing right now
• what you do habitually / as a routine

So the sentence could describe either a current gardening session or a regular task, depending on context.

Why is there no ja in the sentence?

Because Polish usually does not need subject pronouns when the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

• przycinam = I trim
• przesadzam = I repot
• nawożę = I fertilize

The ending itself already tells you it is I, so ja is normally omitted. You would add ja only for emphasis, contrast, or clarification.

For example:

• Ja przycinam łodygę, a ty podlewasz roślinę.
  I trim the stem, and you water the plant.

Why do some nouns change form: and , but stays ?