Przesuwaj pionek, dopóki nie staniesz na ostatnim polu.

Przesuwaj is the imperfective imperative of przesuwać. It suggests an action that is ongoing, repeated, or part of a process: keep moving / move repeatedly.

Przesuń is perfective, so it sounds more like make one complete move.

In a sentence like this, Polish often prefers the imperfective imperative because the action continues up to a certain point.

It is addressed to one person. It is the 2nd person singular imperative.

If you were speaking to more than one person, you would say przesuwajcie.

Because Polish usually leaves subject pronouns out when the verb ending already makes the subject clear.

Here both przesuwaj and staniesz already show that the subject is you. Adding ty would usually give extra emphasis or contrast.

In game language, pionek means a playing piece, token, or counter.

In chess, it specifically means a pawn, but in many other board games it can refer to a more general game piece.

Here pionek is the direct object, so it is in the accusative case.

However, pionek is a masculine inanimate noun, and in the singular that type of noun often has the same form in the accusative as in the nominative. So it stays pionek.

In this sentence, dopóki nie means until.

The nie is normal in Polish in this structure. It can look strange to English speakers, because English usually says until without a negative word. But in Polish, dopóki nie is a standard way to say until something happens.

A useful contrast is:

• dopóki = often as long as / while
• dopóki nie = until

Staniesz is the 2nd person singular form of the perfective verb stanąć.

With perfective verbs, forms that look like present tense usually refer to the future. So staniesz means something like you will come to stand or, in game English, you will land.

Because stanąć focuses on reaching a position.

So staniesz means you will get onto / arrive at that square.

Będziesz stał would describe a state: you will be standing. That is not the main idea here. The sentence is about the moment of arrival.

This is natural in game instructions. Polish, like English, can describe the result from the player’s perspective.

Compare English Move the pawn until you land on the last square. Even though the pawn is the piece that physically moves, the player is treated as the one who lands there.

If you wanted to make the pawn the subject explicitly, you could say Przesuwaj pionek, dopóki pionek nie stanie na ostatnim polu.

In game language, pole means a square, space, or position on the board.

Its basic meaning can be field, but in board-game contexts pole is the normal word for one marked place on the board.

Because in this expression Polish uses na plus the locative case.

So ostatnie pole changes to na ostatnim polu.

You can see both words change:

• ostatnie → ostatnim
• pole → polu

Because Polish usually talks about board spaces as places on a board, not in one.

So you normally say:

• na polu
• na planszy

That is why na ostatnim polu sounds natural here.

Yes. Przesuwaj pionek, aż staniesz na ostatnim polu is also natural.

Both can mean until here. Dopóki nie often emphasizes that the action continues up to the point when the result happens.

Because dopóki nie staniesz na ostatnim polu is a subordinate clause.

In Polish, subordinate clauses are normally separated by a comma, so the comma here is required.