Overgangstiden og ankomsttiden står i rutetabellen.

Because they are in the definite singular form.

In Norwegian, the idea of the is usually attached to the end of the noun:

• en overgangstid = a transfer time / transition time
• overgangstiden = the transfer time / transition time
• en ankomsttid = an arrival time
• ankomsttiden = the arrival time
• en rutetabell = a timetable
• rutetabellen = the timetable

So the ending -en is doing the job that the does in English.

Because Norwegian usually puts the definite article onto the noun itself instead of using a separate word before it.

Compare:

• English: the timetable
• Norwegian: rutetabellen

This is one of the biggest differences from English noun structure. In simple cases, Norwegian often uses:

• en bil = a car
• bilen = the car

So in this sentence, overgangstiden, ankomsttiden, and rutetabellen already include the.

Yes. Norwegian very often writes compound nouns as one word.

So these are compounds:

• overgangstid = overgang
  • tid
• ankomsttid = ankomst
  • tid
• rutetabell = rute
  • tabell

English often uses two words where Norwegian uses one, so this is very normal.

A useful rule: if English has something like arrival time, bus stop, train station, Norwegian will often write it as one word.

Yes, literally står means stands or is standing, but here it has a more idiomatic meaning.

In Norwegian, stå is often used for information that is written, listed, or shown somewhere:

• Det står i boka. = It says so in the book.
• Det står på skiltet. = It says it on the sign.
• Det står i rutetabellen. = It is listed in the timetable.

So in this sentence, står does not mean that the times are physically standing. It means they appear or are written in the timetable.

Because Norwegian verbs do not change form for singular and plural subjects in the present tense.

So:

• Tiden står ...
• Tidene står ...
• Han står ...
• De står ...

The verb stays står either way.

This is easier than English in some ways, because you do not have to worry about forms like is/are or stands/stand.

Here i means in, and it is the natural choice for something being contained within a schedule, table, or written source.

So:

• i boka = in the book
• i avisa = in the newspaper
• i tabellen = in the table
• i rutetabellen = in the timetable

Even though English sometimes says on the timetable or in the timetable depending on context, Norwegian commonly uses i for information contained in that kind of source.

This sentence uses the standard Norwegian main-clause pattern:

Subject + verb + other elements

So here:

• Overgangstiden og ankomsttiden = subject
• står = verb
• i rutetabellen = prepositional phrase

A very literal structure is:

The transfer time and the arrival time + stand/are listed + in the timetable

This is straightforward Norwegian word order.

Yes, absolutely.

Norwegian follows the V2 rule in main clauses, which means the finite verb usually stays in the second position.

So both are correct:

• Overgangstiden og ankomsttiden står i rutetabellen.
• I rutetabellen står overgangstiden og ankomsttiden.

The difference is mainly emphasis:

• starting with Overgangstiden og ankomsttiden focuses first on the times
• starting with I rutetabellen focuses first on where the information is found

In standard Bokmål, these are normally treated as common-gender nouns with en in the indefinite singular:

• en overgangstid
• en ankomsttid
• en rutetabell

That is why the definite singular form here is -en:

• overgangstiden
• ankomsttiden
• rutetabellen

You may sometimes see variation with nouns like tid in some styles or dialects, but the forms in this sentence are completely standard.

Yes. It sounds natural and standard.

The only thing to notice is that står is a very Norwegian way of expressing that information is written, shown, or listed somewhere. An English speaker might expect is in the timetable, but Norwegian often prefers står i rutetabellen in this kind of context.

So the sentence is both grammatically normal and idiomatic.