Brannskaden skylles med kjølig vann.

Because Norwegian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun.

• en brannskade = a burn
• brannskaden = the burn

So -en here means the.

This is very different from English, where the comes before the noun. In Norwegian, the noun itself often carries the definite ending.

Brannskade literally means burn injury or burn wound.

It is made up of:

• brann = fire / burning
• skade = injury / damage

So the compound noun brannskade refers to an injury caused by heat, fire, or something hot.

Skylles is the -s passive form of the verb.

• å skylle = to rinse / flush
• skyller = rinses / is rinsing
• skylles = is rinsed / should be rinsed

In practical instructions, Norwegian often uses this passive form. So Brannskaden skylles med kjølig vann sounds like an instruction such as:

• The burn is rinsed with cool water
• more naturally in English: The burn should be rinsed with cool water

So even though it looks like a plain present tense form, in context it often gives an instruction.

Yes. It is a passive sentence.

The thing receiving the action is brannskaden:

• Brannskaden skylles ... = The burn is rinsed ...

An active version would be something like:

• Man skyller brannskaden med kjølig vann. = You/one rinse the burn with cool water.

Norwegian often prefers this passive style in medical, technical, and instruction-type language.

Because Norwegian often uses the present passive for instructions, especially in formal or practical contexts.

So:

• Brannskaden skylles med kjølig vann.

can function like:

• Brannskaden skal skylles med kjølig vann.
• Brannskaden bør skylles med kjølig vann.

The version without skal or bør sounds like a standard instruction manual or first-aid guideline. It is concise and neutral.

Because med means with, and here it expresses the means used to do the rinsing.

• med kjølig vann = with cool water

This means the water is the thing used to rinse the burn.

If you used i, that would mean in and would suggest being in the water rather than using water to rinse something. That is a different idea.

So in this sentence:

• skylles med vann = is rinsed with water

is the natural phrasing.

Kjølig means cool.
Kald means cold.

That difference matters here. In first-aid language, cool water is often recommended, not very cold or icy water. So kjølig vann is more appropriate than kaldt vann in this kind of sentence.

Very roughly:

• kjølig = cool, mildly cold
• kald = cold

So the Norwegian matches the usual medical advice quite well.

Because adjectives ending in -ig often do not add an extra -t in the neuter singular in normal Bokmål usage.

So:

• kjølig vann = correct

Even though vann is a neuter noun, kjølig stays kjølig.

This is something learners often notice because many other adjectives do add -t in the neuter:

• kaldt vann
• varmt vann

But with kjølig, the usual form is simply:

• kjølig vann

Because Norwegian usually does not need a separate word like English the when the noun already has a definite ending.

So:

• brannskaden already means the burn

You do not need another word before it in this sentence.

This is one of the most important differences between English and Norwegian nouns.

The sentence follows normal Norwegian main-clause word order:

• Brannskaden = subject
• skylles = verb
• med kjølig vann = prepositional phrase

So the structure is:

• Subject + verb + rest

That part is quite similar to English:

• The burn is rinsed with cool water

That is a good literal translation, yes. But in natural English, depending on context, you might say:

• The burn should be rinsed with cool water
• Rinse the burn with cool water

The Norwegian sentence itself is neutral and instruction-like. So the best English translation depends on whether you want:

• a literal grammatical match, or
• the most natural wording in an instruction manual or first-aid guide

All of those can fit the meaning.

Yes, in context it can.

In English, the burn often sounds like one specific burn already mentioned. In Norwegian instructions, the definite form can still be used in a more general way when talking about the affected thing in a standard situation.

So brannskaden here can mean:

• the burn in question
• the burn being treated

It does not necessarily mean a very specific burn previously discussed in detail. It is just the natural way to refer to the injury being dealt with.

A rough pronunciation guide for an English speaker might be:

BRAHN-skah-den SHILL-es mehd SHUR-lig vahn

A few notes:

• sk before front vowels often sounds like English sh
• skylles begins with that sh-like sound
• kj in kjølig is a sound English does not really have; many learners approximate it at first
• vann has a short vowel and a double n

A more exact pronunciation takes practice, but that rough version can help as a starting point.