Hun trenger medisinsk hjelp.

Trenger is the present tense of the verb å trenge.

• å trenge = to need
• trenger = need / needs

So in this sentence, hun trenger means she needs.

A few related forms:

• å trenge = infinitive
• trenger = present
• trengte = past
• har trengt = has/have needed

Because hun is the subject form of the pronoun, and here she is the one doing the action of needing.

• hun = she
• henne = her

So:

• Hun trenger medisinsk hjelp. = She needs medical help.
• Jeg ser henne. = I see her.

English also makes this distinction:

• she needs
• I see her

Norwegian usually does not have a separate present continuous tense like English does.

So the present tense trenger can cover both:

• she needs
• she is needing — though this is unusual in English anyway

In Norwegian, simple present is normally enough:

• Hun trenger hjelp.

If Norwegian wants to emphasize that something is actively in progress, it can use other expressions, but with å trenge, the plain present tense is the normal and natural choice.

Because hjelp here is being used as an uncountable noun, much like English help.

So:

• medisinsk hjelp = medical help
• not a medical help

This is very similar to English:

• She needs help.
• She needs medical help.

If the noun were a countable thing, Norwegian would normally use an article:

• Hun trenger en lege. = She needs a doctor.

But hjelp in this sentence means assistance, so no article is needed.

Because it is describing the noun hjelp, and in this kind of indefinite phrase the adjective appears in its basic form: medisinsk.

So:

• medisinsk hjelp = medical help

A useful thing to know is that adjectives ending in -sk usually do not add -t in the neuter singular either.

For example:

• et medisinsk problem = a medical problem

In plural or definite forms, you would normally get medisinske:

• medisinske problemer = medical problems
• den medisinske hjelpen = the medical help

The sentence follows the normal Subject–Verb–Object pattern:

• Hun = subject
• trenger = verb
• medisinsk hjelp = object

So the structure is:

Hun + trenger + medisinsk hjelp

This is the most basic and common word order in Norwegian main clauses.

In a basic statement like this, yes. But Norwegian also follows the V2 rule in main clauses, which means the finite verb usually stays in the second position.

So if you move another element to the front, the verb still stays second:

• Hun trenger medisinsk hjelp.
• Nå trenger hun medisinsk hjelp. = Now she needs medical help.

Notice that when Nå comes first, the verb trenger still comes second, and hun moves after the verb.

That is a very important pattern in Norwegian.

Yes, and it is very natural, but the nuance is a little different.

• Hun trenger medisinsk hjelp. = She needs medical help.
• Hun må ha medisinsk hjelp. = She must have / needs to have medical help.

Trenger is the plain, direct way to say needs.
Må ha can sound a bit stronger, more urgent, or more like a conclusion.

So if you are simply stating a need, trenger is perfect.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

hoon TRENG-er meh-dee-SEENGSK yelp

A few helpful details:

• hun: the vowel is not exactly like English oo, but hoon is a decent approximation
• trenger: the ng sounds like the ng in singer
• medisinsk: the stress is on sin
• hjelp: the hj is pronounced like y in yes, so it sounds roughly like yelp

A more phonetic approximation is:

hun TREN-ger meh-dee-SINSK yelp

Depending on dialect, pronunciation can vary a bit, but hjelp sounding like yelp is especially useful to remember.