Sambandsradioen ligger på bordet.

Because Norwegian often prefers a position/location verb where English would simply use to be.

• å ligge = to lie / to be lying
• å stå = to stand / to be standing
• å sitte = to sit / to be sitting

For an object resting horizontally on a surface, ligger is very natural. So Sambandsradioen ligger på bordet means the radio is located there, specifically lying on the table.

You can sometimes say Sambandsradioen er på bordet, but ligger sounds more idiomatic when describing where a physical object is placed.

ligger is the present tense of å ligge.

• infinitive: å ligge
• present: ligger

So the sentence is in the present tense: The radio is lying / lies on the table.

In Norwegian, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun.

So:

• en sambandsradio = a communications radio / a two-way radio
• sambandsradioen = the communications radio

That final -en is the definite ending. Norwegian often says the radio by adding an ending, instead of putting a separate word like English the in front.

Because bord is a neuter noun.

Norwegian nouns have grammatical gender, and the definite ending depends on the gender:

• common gender noun: -en
• neuter noun: -et

So:

• et bord = a table
• bordet = the table

That is why the sentence has på bordet.

They are:

• en sambandsradio → common gender
• et bord → neuter

So their definite forms become:

• sambandsradioen
• bordet

It is a compound noun, which is very common in Norwegian.

It can be understood as:

• samband = communication / connection / radio communication
• radio = radio
• -en = the definite ending

So sambandsradioen is roughly the communications radio or the two-way radio.

Depending on context, it could refer to a radio set, field radio, or walkie-talkie-type communication device.

på usually means on in this kind of sentence, and bordet means the table.

So:

• på = on
• bordet = the table

Together: on the table

This is a prepositional phrase showing location.

The basic order is:

• Sambandsradioen = subject
• ligger = verb
• på bordet = location phrase

So it follows a normal main-clause pattern:

Subject + Verb + Adverbial/Place

That is very similar to English:

The radio + is lying + on the table

Yes. That is also grammatical.

When you move på bordet to the front, Norwegian still keeps the verb in second position:

• På bordet ligger sambandsradioen.

This word order can sound more descriptive or slightly more focused on the location: On the table lies the radio.

Because Norwegian usually expresses definiteness with an ending on the noun itself.

Compare:

• en radio = a radio

• radioen = the radio

• et bord = a table
• bordet = the table

So English uses a separate article, but Norwegian often uses a suffix.

No. It can also be used more generally for location, especially with things that are resting somewhere.

Examples:

• Boka ligger på senga. = The book is on the bed.
• Nøklene ligger i veska. = The keys are in the bag.

So ligger is often about where something is located, not just about a person literally lying down.

A rough English-friendly approximation is:

SAM-bands-ra-di-o-en LIG-er po BOR-de

A few helpful notes:

• å in Norwegian is not used here; på has the vowel å-like sound, roughly like paw
• g in ligger is not pronounced like a hard English g in go
• r is typically different from English r, depending on dialect

A better learner-friendly chunking is:

Sambandsradioen / ligger / på bordet

If you want, you can think of the rhythm as:

SAM-bands-ra-di-o-en LIG-ger po BOR-det

Yes. Both nouns are definite:

• sambandsradioen = the radio
• bordet = the table

So the sentence refers to a specific radio and a specific table that the speaker and listener can identify from context.