Uansett om lugaren er liten eller stor, sover vi her.

Uansett om means regardless of whether or simply whether ... or ....

So:

• Uansett om lugaren er liten eller stor = Whether the cabin is small or big
• sover vi her = we sleep here

It introduces a contrast between two possibilities, but says that the result is the same in either case.

Here, om means whether, not a true conditional if.

English often uses if for both ideas:

• I don’t know if he is coming = whether
• If he comes, we’ll start = conditional

In Norwegian, that distinction is usually clearer:

• om = whether
• hvis/dersom = conditional if

So in this sentence, uansett om means regardless of whether, not regardless if in the conditional sense.

Lugaren is the definite singular form: the cabin.

The base form is:

• en lugar = a cabin
• lugaren = the cabin

So the sentence is talking about a specific cabin, not just any cabin. Norwegian often marks definiteness directly on the noun with an ending like -en.

They are in these forms because they are predicative adjectives—they come after er and describe the noun.

In Norwegian, adjectives after er / blir / virker usually agree with the noun in number and sometimes gender, but they do not take the same form they would have before a definite noun.

Here:

• lugaren is singular
• so we get liten and stor

Compare:

• Den lille lugaren = the small cabin
  Here the adjective is before the noun, so the form changes.
• Lugaren er liten = the cabin is small
  Here it is predicative, so liten is correct.

This is because Norwegian is a V2 language in main clauses. That means the finite verb normally comes in the second position.

The sentence begins with the clause:

• Uansett om lugaren er liten eller stor

After that, the main clause starts, and the verb must come next:

• sover vi her

So the pattern is:

1. fronted clause
2. finite verb
3. subject

That is why Norwegian says:

• Uansett om ..., sover vi her

and not:

• Uansett om ..., vi sover her

Yes, her could move, but the word order would change the emphasis.

In sover vi her, her is in a very normal place for an adverb of place after the verb and subject.

You could also say:

• Her sover vi, uansett om lugaren er liten eller stor

That puts extra emphasis on here. It sounds more like It’s here that we sleep.

So the original sentence is the more neutral version.

Because liten and stor are joined as a pair with eller and both depend on the same er.

So:

• lugaren er liten eller stor

works like English:

• the cabin is small or big

Repeating the verb is unnecessary because both adjectives belong to the same structure. Norwegian often avoids repetition when the grammar is already clear.

Yes. That is also grammatical and means basically the same thing.

The difference is mainly focus and style:

• Uansett om lugaren er liten eller stor, sover vi her
  starts with the condition/contrast
• Vi sover her uansett om lugaren er liten eller stor
  starts with the main point: we sleep here

Both are natural. The original version gives a bit more emphasis to the whether small or big part.

Usually no, not in the same way.

Selv om means even though / although, so it introduces a real fact or concession:

• Selv om lugaren er liten, sover vi her
  = Even though the cabin is small, we sleep here

But uansett om presents alternatives and says the result is the same in either case:

• Uansett om lugaren er liten eller stor, sover vi her
  = Whether the cabin is small or big, we sleep here

So selv om and uansett om are related in meaning, but they are not interchangeable here.

Yes, you may sometimes see something like:

• Enten lugaren er liten eller stor, sover vi her

This is understandable and can sound a bit more formal or literary. But uansett om is very natural when you want to say regardless of whether.

A useful difference is:

• enten ... eller highlights the two alternatives
• uansett om highlights that the result does not change

So in this sentence, uansett om is an especially good choice.