Kontrak itu menyatakan jawatan dan kompetensi yang diperlukan.

In Malay, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the noun.

• kontrak itu = that contract
• rumah ini = this house

So Kontrak itu literally follows the Malay pattern contract that, even though in English we say that contract.

Menyatakan is an active transitive verb. The prefix meN- is very common in Malay and often marks an action done by the subject.

Here, the base is related to nyata or pernyataan-type vocabulary, and menyatakan means something like:

• to state
• to specify
• to declare

In this sentence, Kontrak itu is the subject, and menyatakan is what the contract does: it states/specifies something.

Jawatan usually means position, post, or role, especially in a formal or organizational context.

It is not always exactly the same as casual English job.

For example:

• jawatan kosong = vacancy / open position
• memegang jawatan = to hold a position

In this sentence, jawatan sounds formal and fits the context of a contract or official document.

Yes, kompetensi is used in Malay, especially in formal, professional, HR, educational, or administrative contexts. It is a borrowed word, similar to English competency/competence.

Depending on context, Malay might also use words like:

• kecekapan = efficiency / proficiency
• kemahiran = skills

But kompetensi is perfectly natural in formal written language, especially when talking about required qualifications or capability standards.

Yang diperlukan is a relative clause, meaning it describes the noun or nouns before it.

• yang = that / which / who
• diperlukan = required / needed

So jawatan dan kompetensi yang diperlukan means:

• the position and competencies that are required or
• the required position and competencies

In this sentence, yang diperlukan most naturally applies to the whole phrase jawatan dan kompetensi, not just kompetensi.

These two forms do different jobs.

• memerlukan = to require / to need
• diperlukan = required / needed or is required

Examples:

• Syarikat itu memerlukan pekerja baru.
  = The company requires new workers.
• Pekerja baru diperlukan.
  = New workers are required.

In your sentence, yang diperlukan describes something as being required, so the passive-style form diperlukan is the correct one.

Malay often does not mark plural explicitly if the meaning is already clear from context.

So kompetensi can mean:

• competency
• competencies

Likewise, jawatan could mean position or positions, depending on context.

Malay can show plural in other ways, such as:

• repetition: buku-buku = books
• numbers: tiga buku = three books
• context

In a sentence like this, English may need singular or plural, but Malay leaves it flexible unless the speaker wants to be more specific.

The structure is:

• Kontrak itu = subject
• menyatakan = verb
• jawatan dan kompetensi yang diperlukan = object phrase

So the pattern is essentially:

Subject + Verb + Object

This is very similar to normal English word order, which makes Malay sentences like this fairly straightforward for English speakers once they understand the noun modifiers.

Yes, alternatives are possible, but the tone changes slightly.

For example:

• jawatan dan kompetensi yang diperlukan = the position and competencies required
• jawatan dan kompetensi yang perlu = the position and competencies that are necessary

Yang diperlukan sounds more standard and natural in formal writing like contracts, policies, and official documents. It has a more precise official/administrative feel.

Yes, it is clearly formal written Malay.

Clues include:

• kontrak = contract
• menyatakan = states/specifies
• jawatan = position/post
• kompetensi = competency
• yang diperlukan = that are required

This is the kind of Malay you would expect in:

• contracts
• HR documents
• job descriptions
• official policies

It would sound more formal than everyday conversation.

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation is:

menyatakan ≈ men-ya-ta-kan

A few notes:

• ny sounds like the ny in canyon for many English speakers
• a is usually a clear ah sound
• Malay words are generally pronounced quite consistently as spelled

So you can roughly say:

men-ya-TA-kan

with a natural stress around the middle, though Malay stress is usually less strong and less important than in English.