Learn Hardcore Malay: Dia letih semalam, jadi dia tidak memulakan latihan pada pukul tujuh. - He/She was tired yesterday, so he/she did not start practice at seven o’clock.

Dia is a third-person singular pronoun in Malay, which can mean either “he” or “she” depending on the context. In this sentence, it appears twice—first to show who was tired yesterday and then to indicate who did not start the training.

What is the meaning and grammatical role of the word letih?

Letih means “tired.” It functions as an adjective that describes the state of the subject, indicating that the person felt tired the day before.

How does semalam function in this sentence?

Semalam translates to “yesterday.” It acts as a time adverb, setting the scene for when the subject was tired. Its placement immediately after letih helps clarify the timing of the state described.

What role does the conjunction jadi play in the sentence?

Jadi means “so” or “therefore.” It is used to connect two clauses by showing cause and effect. In this sentence, it links the fact that the subject was tired with the consequence that they did not start the training at seven.

How is negation expressed in the phrase tidak memulakan latihan?

Negation in Malay is typically formed by placing tidak before the verb. In tidak memulakan latihan, tidak negates the verb memulakan (“to start”), indicating that the training was not begun.

What does the word latihan refer to in this context?

Latihan means “training” or “exercise.” It is the activity that the subject was supposed to start, but did not, due to being tired.

How do you interpret the phrase pada pukul tujuh?

Pada pukul tujuh directly translates to “at seven o’clock.” It is a time expression specifying that the training was scheduled to begin at seven, providing a clear temporal marker in the sentence.

Why is there a comma before jadi in the sentence?

The comma before jadi serves to separate the two related clauses. It helps the reader understand that the first clause (describing the subject’s fatigue yesterday) sets up the reason for the second clause (the decision not to start the training at seven).