Bona medica non solum corpori, sed etiam animo aegro bene medetur.

Medica is the feminine singular form, so it means a female doctor or woman physician.
If the sentence were referring to a male doctor, it would be bonus medicus instead of bona medica.

So:

• bona medica = a good female doctor
• bonus medicus = a good male doctor

Bona medica is the subject of the sentence, so both words are in the nominative singular feminine:

• bona = nominative singular feminine of bonus
• medica = nominative singular feminine of medica

They agree because bona describes medica.

Bona is an adjective meaning good. It modifies medica.

Because medica is feminine singular nominative, bona must also be feminine singular nominative.

This is a basic example of adjective agreement in Latin:

• same gender
• same number
• same case

Because the verb medetur comes from medeor, and medeor regularly takes the dative of the person or thing being treated or healed.

So:

• corpori = to the body
• animo aegro = to the sick mind

This is one of those verbs whose case usage must simply be learned.

A learner might expect an accusative because in English we say treats the body, but Latin uses the dative with medeor.

Medetur is:

• 3rd person singular
• present tense
• indicative mood
• from the verb medeor

So it means she treats, she heals, or she attends medically to.

The subject is singular, so the verb is singular too.

Because medeor is a deponent verb.

A deponent verb has:

• passive-looking forms
• but an active meaning

So medetur looks like a passive form, but it means she heals/treats, not she is healed.

This is very common in Latin and often surprises English-speaking learners.

This is a very common paired expression meaning:

not only ... but also ...

Here it connects the two things the doctor treats:

• non solum corpori = not only the body
• sed etiam animo aegro = but also the sick mind

It is a standard Latin way to balance two ideas.

Because aegro agrees with animo.

• animus is masculine
• animo is dative singular
• so the adjective must also be masculine dative singular: aegro

Thus animo aegro means to the sick mind/spirit.

Either order could work in Latin. Latin word order is more flexible than English word order because the endings show the grammar.

So both of these are grammatically possible:

• animo aegro
• aegro animo

The version in your sentence is perfectly natural. Often adjective placement is influenced by style, emphasis, or rhythm rather than strict rules.

Animus can mean several related things, including:

• mind
• spirit
• soul
• inner feeling
• sometimes courage or temper

In this sentence, it probably means something like mind or spirit, especially in contrast with corpus (body). So the sentence contrasts physical illness with mental or emotional illness.

Yes, medetur already means treats/heals, so bene adds extra force:

• bene medetur = treats well, heals skillfully, gives good treatment

It emphasizes that the doctor does this properly or effectively.

Yes. Corpori is dative singular of corpus, meaning body.

Latin often uses the singular where English also naturally uses the singular: the body. It refers to the body as a whole, not to multiple bodies.

A helpful way to break it down is:

• Bona medica = subject
• medetur = verb
• corpori = first dative object
• animo aegro = second dative object
• non solum ... sed etiam ... = links the two objects
• bene = adverb modifying the verb

So the structure is roughly:

A good female doctor treats well not only the body, but also the sick mind.

You could analyze the grammar that way, because corpori and animo aegro are datives, but that would not be good English.

A more natural translation is:

A good doctor treats not only the body, but also the sick mind, well.

Or even more idiomatically:

A good doctor treats not only the body but also the troubled mind.

So it is useful to know the literal grammar, but translation should still sound natural in English.

Here it is a noun, meaning female doctor.

Latin does have adjectives related to medicine, but in this sentence medica is clearly the person doing the action, because it is the subject of medetur.

So:

• medica = doctor / woman physician
• bona = adjective modifying that noun

Probably these five things:

1. Adjective agreement
   bona medica and animo aegro

2. The deponent verb
   medetur looks passive but is active in meaning

3. The dative with medeor
   corpori and animo aegro

4. The correlative pair
   non solum ... sed etiam ...

5. Flexible word order
   Latin relies on endings more than English does

If you understand those points, you understand most of the grammar of the sentence.