Puella ad thermas it, ut se lavet.

Puella is nominative singular, because it is the subject of the sentence: the girl is the one doing the action.

• puella = the girl
• subject of it = goes

So Puella ad thermas it means The girl goes to the baths.

It is the 3rd person singular present active indicative of eo, ire, meaning to go.

So:

• eo = I go
• is = you go
• it = he/she/it goes

Because the subject is puella (she), Latin uses it = she goes.

A learner may expect a verb related to vadere, but eo, ire is one of the standard and very common ways to say go in Latin.

Ad means to or toward, and it takes the accusative case.

So:

• ad = to, toward
• thermas = accusative plural

This phrase shows motion toward a place:

• ad thermas = to the baths

That is why Latin does not use the ablative here. With movement toward something, ad + accusative is very common.

Yes, but more importantly, thermae in Latin is normally a plural noun meaning public baths or bathhouse.

Its basic dictionary form is usually:

• thermae, thermarum = baths

So even if English might say the bathhouse in the singular, Latin often uses the plural:

• ad thermas = to the baths

This is just how the word is normally used.

Here ut means so that or in order that.

It introduces a purpose clause:

• Puella ad thermas it = The girl goes to the baths
• ut se lavet = so that she may wash herself / in order to wash herself

So the second part explains the purpose of her going.

Because after ut in a purpose clause, Latin normally uses the subjunctive, not the indicative.

So:

• lavat = she washes / is washing
• lavet = she may wash / might wash

In this sentence, lavet is present subjunctive active, because the clause means:

• in order that she may wash herself
• more naturally in English: to wash herself

Latin often uses ut + subjunctive where English uses an infinitive like to wash.

Because the main verb is it, which is a present tense verb, and the purpose is happening at the same time or as a future result of that action.

This follows the normal sequence for purpose clauses:

• main verb in a primary tense such as present → often present subjunctive in the purpose clause

So:

• it = she goes
• ut se lavet = so that she may wash herself

The idea is not past time; it is her present purpose in going there.

Se is the reflexive pronoun, meaning herself here. It refers back to the subject of the clause.

So:

• se lavet = she washes herself

If Latin used eam, it would usually mean her as some other female person, not the subject herself.

Compare:

• se lavat = she washes herself
• eam lavat = she washes her

Since the girl is washing herself, se is the correct choice.

Literally, lavare means to wash. But with se, it often means to wash oneself, which in context can naturally be translated as to bathe.

So:

• lavare = to wash
• se lavare = to wash oneself
• in this sentence: to bathe or to wash herself

Since the sentence mentions the baths, English will often translate it more naturally as bathe.

Latin often expresses purpose differently from English.

English commonly says:

• She goes to the baths to wash herself

Latin very often says:

• She goes to the baths in order that she may wash herself
• Puella ad thermas it, ut se lavet

So the Latin structure is:

• ut + subjunctive for purpose

English prefers the infinitive; Latin often prefers a full clause.

Not really in the ancient language itself. Classical Latin manuscripts did not use punctuation the way modern printed texts do.

In modern editions, the comma is often added to help readers see the structure:

• main clause: Puella ad thermas it
• purpose clause: ut se lavet

So the comma is a modern reading aid, not something essential to the grammar.

Yes. Latin word order is more flexible than English because the endings show the grammatical relationships.

This sentence could be rearranged in several ways and still mean the same basic thing, for example:

• Puella ad thermas it, ut se lavet.
• Ad thermas puella it, ut se lavet.
• Puella ut se lavet ad thermas it.

However, the given order is clear and natural:

1. subject: Puella
2. destination: ad thermas
3. main verb: it
4. purpose clause: ut se lavet

So the current word order is a straightforward and beginner-friendly way to say it.