Learn Hardcore Latin: Discipula magistrae flores donat, et cum ea in horto sedet. - The female student gives flowers to the female teacher, and sits with her in the garden.

Because magistrae is serving as an indirect object: the teacher is the recipient of the flowers. In Latin, an indirect object usually appears in the dative case when indicating to whom or for whom something is given.

Why is flores in the accusative case?

The flowers are the direct object of the verb donat (gives), so they must appear in the accusative case. In Latin, the direct object of most active verbs takes the accusative.

What does cum ea mean and why is it in that form?

Cum ea means with her. Ea is in the ablative case, because the preposition cum (with) must be followed by the ablative in Latin. The form ea here refers back to the teacher (or another feminine singular antecedent in context).

Why is in horto used, and which case is horto?

The phrase in horto means in the garden, where horto is ablative. In can take either the ablative or the accusative, but with verbs of rest (like sedet, sits), the ablative is required to express location.

What role does et play in the sentence?

In this sentence, et is a coordinating conjunction meaning and, linking two actions: donat (she gives flowers) and sedet (she sits). It connects those two ideas smoothly, showing both what the student does for the teacher and that they later sit together in the garden.

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