kare ha osoraku kuru.

は marks 彼 as the topic of the sentence.

So 彼はおそらく来る is not just mechanically he + probably + come. It is more like:

• As for him, he will probably come
• He, probably, will come

In Japanese, the topic is what the sentence is about. English does not have a direct equivalent, so learners often think は just means is or just marks the subject, but that is not quite right.

When は is used as the topic particle, it is pronounced wa, not ha.

So this sentence is read:

• kare wa osoraku kuru

But when は is part of a normal word, it is usually pronounced ha.

This is one of the standard spelling-pronunciation differences you just have to memorize.

Not always. In English, you often need to say he. In Japanese, pronouns like 彼 are used less often, because the subject is frequently omitted when it is clear from context.

So in natural conversation, people might simply say:

• おそらく来る。

if everyone already knows who is being talked about.

Also, 彼 can sound more explicit or contrastive depending on context. It is not wrong here, but Japanese often prefers omission over repeating pronouns.

おそらく is an adverb. It means something like probably.

It modifies the whole statement 来る and shows the speaker's degree of certainty.

In this sentence:

• 彼は = topic
• おそらく = adverb
• 来る = verb

So the basic structure is:

• topic + adverb + verb

Japanese non-past forms often cover both present and future.

So 来る can mean:

• comes
• will come

The exact meaning depends on context.

With おそらく, this sentence is naturally understood as a future event, because probably comes is less natural in most situations than probably will come.

This is very normal in Japanese: the same plain non-past form can refer to either present or future.

Japanese normally places the main verb at the end of the sentence.

So while English says:

• He will probably come

Japanese says:

• He / probably / come

This verb-final pattern is one of the biggest differences from English word order. As a beginner, it helps to expect the important action or state to appear at the end.

Yes, Japanese word order is somewhat flexible, especially with adverbs, as long as the sentence still sounds natural and the particles make the relationships clear.

For example, these are possible:

• 彼はおそらく来る。
• おそらく彼は来る。

Both can mean basically the same thing.

However, word order can slightly change emphasis. Putting おそらく earlier may emphasize the uncertainty more strongly.

For a learner, 彼はおそらく来る is a very safe and natural pattern.

Sometimes, yes, but the nuance changes.

• 彼はおそらく来る。 = As for him, he will probably come
• 彼がおそらく来る。 = He is the one who will probably come or a more subject-focused statement

Very roughly:

• は introduces or comments on the topic
• が identifies or emphasizes the subject

If you are just making a neutral statement about him, は is very natural.

Both can mean probably, but they are a little different in tone.

• たぶん is very common in everyday conversation
• おそらく sounds a bit more formal, careful, or literary

So:

• 彼はたぶん来る。 sounds casual and conversational
• 彼はおそらく来る。 sounds slightly more formal or deliberate

Both are correct, but おそらく may feel a little more polished.

Often, yes. おそらく is frequently used with forms that express uncertainty, prediction, or judgment.

For example, it often appears with:

• 来るだろう
• 来ると思う
• 来るはずだ

That said, おそらく来る is still possible and understandable. It can sound a little firm for a word meaning probably, but it is not ungrammatical.

Learners may notice that Japanese often likes to match adverbs of uncertainty with endings that also show uncertainty.

Japanese does not usually need a separate word like will to mark the future.

Instead, Japanese usually uses the non-past form and lets context show whether the meaning is present or future.

So English needs:

• He will probably come

But Japanese can simply say:

• 彼はおそらく来る。

The future meaning is understood from the situation.

A little, yes. Not because the grammar is wrong, but because real Japanese often depends heavily on context.

Two things make it slightly context-dependent:

• 彼 is more explicit than Japanese often needs
• おそらく sounds a bit formal compared with everyday casual speech

So in real conversation, a more natural casual version might often be:

• たぶん来る。
• 彼はたぶん来る。

But 彼はおそらく来る。 is still a perfectly good sentence for learning and understanding the grammar.