kono ryokou ga watasi no zinsei wo kaemasita.

A natural reading is:

この りょこう が わたし の じんせい を かえました。

Word by word:

• この = this
• 旅行（りょこう） = trip, यात्रा/journey in the sense of travel
• 私（わたし） = I, me
• 人生（じんせい） = life
• 変えました（かえました） = changed

In normal writing, you would usually see it without spaces:

この旅行が私の人生を変えました。

が marks the grammatical subject of the sentence.

In this sentence:

• この旅行が = this trip is the thing that did the changing
• 私の人生を = my life is the thing that was changed

So the structure is basically:

This trip + changed + my life

A useful way to think of it is:

• が often marks what does the action or what is being highlighted as the subject
• を often marks what receives the action

を marks the direct object, meaning the thing directly affected by the verb.

Here:

• 人生を変えました = changed my life

The verb 変える means to change something, so it takes a direct object:

• 何を変える？ = change what?
• Answer: 人生を = life

So:

• 旅行が = the trip did the action
• 人生を = life received the action

Because の shows possession or relationship.

• 私の人生 = my life
• 私人生 is not correct Japanese

Here, の works a lot like English 's or of:

• 私の本 = my book
• 彼の車 = his car
• 日本の文化 = Japanese culture / the culture of Japan

So 私の人生 literally means the life of me, which is naturally translated as my life.

この is a demonstrative word meaning this, and it must come directly before a noun.

So:

• この旅行 = this trip

You do not say このの旅行.

Japanese has a set of words like this:

• この + noun = this ...
• その + noun = that ... (near the listener / previously mentioned)
• あの + noun = that ... (over there)

Compare:

• この旅行 = this trip
• これ = this one

So この must be followed by a noun, while これ stands alone.

Because Japanese is usually a subject-object-verb language, unlike English, which is usually subject-verb-object.

English:

• This trip changed my life.

Japanese:

• This trip
  • my life
    • changed
• この旅行が私の人生を変えました。

So it is completely normal in Japanese for the verb to come last.

The dictionary form is 変える（かえる）, which means to change something.

変えました is the polite past form:

• 変える = change / will change
• 変えます = change (polite)
• 変えました = changed (polite past)

So the sentence is in polite past style.

This is a very common question.

• 変える = to change something (transitive)
• 変わる = to change / to be changed (intransitive)

So:

• この旅行が私の人生を変えました。
  = This trip changed my life.
  The trip actively changed life.

• 私の人生が変わりました。
  = My life changed.
  This focuses on the life changing, without directly saying what changed it.

In your sentence, the speaker wants to say that the trip caused the change, so 変えました is the correct choice.

Yes, in some contexts, but the nuance changes.

• この旅行が私の人生を変えました。
  This strongly identifies this trip as the thing that changed the speaker’s life.

• この旅行は私の人生を変えました。
  This makes this trip the topic, as if you are talking about it and then saying what it did.

Very roughly:

• が can sound more like it was this trip that changed my life
• は can sound more like as for this trip, it changed my life

Both can be natural, but が is very reasonable if the sentence is emphasizing the trip as the changer.

Not always. Japanese often omits words that are clear from context.

So these are both possible:

• この旅行が私の人生を変えました。
• この旅行が人生を変えました。

If it is already obvious whose life is being discussed, 私の might be omitted.

However, including 私の makes it explicit: it was my life, not someone else’s.

Both can relate to travel, but they are not exactly the same.

• 旅行（りょこう） often means trip, travel, or journey in a general, practical sense
• 旅（たび） often sounds more literary, emotional, poetic, or reflective

So:

• この旅行が私の人生を変えました。 sounds very natural and standard
• この旅が私の人生を変えました。 is also possible, but it can sound a bit more dramatic, poetic, or personal depending on context

For most learners, 旅行 is the safer everyday word.

変えました is polite, neutral Japanese.

It is appropriate in:

• conversation with people you do not know well
• class
• presentations
• writing aimed at a general audience

A plain-form version would be:

この旅行が私の人生を変えた。

That sounds less polite and more casual, and might be used in:

• informal speech
• diary-style writing
• storytelling
• dramatic writing

So 変えました is a good standard form for learners.

No. Japanese is normally written without spaces.

So the standard written form is:

この旅行が私の人生を変えました。

Spaces are often added only in beginner materials to make the sentence easier to read.

To some extent, yes, because the particles show each word’s role.

For example, these may be possible depending on context:

• この旅行が私の人生を変えました。
• 私の人生をこの旅行が変えました。

Because が still marks the subject and を still marks the object, the meaning remains basically the same.

However, changing the order changes the emphasis and naturalness. For learners, the original order is the safest and most natural:

この旅行が私の人生を変えました。

Yes, translation can vary depending on context.

旅行 most commonly corresponds to:

• trip
• travel
• sometimes journey

But in natural English, This trip changed my life is usually the best translation.

Why?

• travel is often more general and uncountable in English
• journey can sound more emotional or literary
• trip fits この旅行 very naturally in many situations

So while the Japanese meaning stays the same, the best English wording depends on tone and context.