haha ha hizyouyou no mizu to syokuryou wo sonaete imasu.

非常用 means for emergencies / emergency-use.

It is made from:

• 非常 = emergency, unusual situation
• 用 = use, purpose

So 非常用の水 means water for emergency use, and 非常用の水と食料 means emergency water and food supplies.

The particle の links nouns and shows that the first noun describes the second.

So:

• 非常用 = emergency use
• 水 = water
• 非常用の水 = emergency-use water / water for emergencies

This is a very common pattern in Japanese:

• 日本の車 = Japanese cars / cars of Japan
• 学校の先生 = school teacher
• 夏の服 = summer clothes

Here, の is functioning a bit like for, of, or an adjective-like connector in English.

は marks 母 as the topic of the sentence.

So 母は means something like:

• As for my mother, ...
• My mother ...

Japanese often sets up a topic first, then says something about it.

So this sentence is structured like:

• 母は = as for mother
• 非常用の水と食料を備えています = is keeping/preparing emergency water and food

A natural English translation is simply My mother keeps emergency water and food ready or My mother has prepared emergency water and food.

Japanese often leaves out words that are clear from context.

If you are talking about your own family, 母 usually means my mother. You do not need to say 私の母 unless you want to emphasize it or the context requires clarification.

So:

• 母 = my mother
• 私の母 = my mother, with extra explicitness

This kind of omission is very common in Japanese.

と connects nouns and means and.

So:

• 水と食料 = water and food

It is a straightforward noun connector here.

Compare:

• パンと牛乳 = bread and milk
• 父と母 = father and mother

を marks the direct object of the verb.

The verb here is 備える, which means to prepare, to equip, or to keep something ready.

So:

• 水と食料を備える = to prepare/store water and food for use

The things being prepared or kept ready are 水と食料, so they take を.

備える means to prepare, to provide, to equip, or to keep ready, depending on context.

In this sentence, it has the sense of:

• to stock
• to keep on hand
• to have prepared for emergencies

So 非常用の水と食料を備えています suggests that the mother has emergency water and food ready.

This verb is often used in disaster-preparedness contexts:

• 災害に備える = prepare for disasters
• 食料を備える = stock food / keep food prepared

備えています is the -ている form of 備える.

The -ている form often shows:

1. an action in progress, or
2. a resulting state

Here it usually expresses a resulting state:

• 備えています = has prepared and keeps ready / is stocked with

So the idea is not just she prepares in a general sense, but rather she has emergency water and food set aside.

Compare:

• 備えます = will prepare / prepare (more general or habitual, depending on context)
• 備えています = has it prepared / keeps it ready

In this sentence, 備えています sounds more natural because emergency supplies are usually something you have already stored.

Yes in meaning, but 備えています is the more standard written form.

The verb is 備える. Its て-form is 備えて.

So:

• 備えています = full form
• 備えています = contraction in writing/spelling convention

In modern Japanese, 備えています is what you will usually see. It is not a different grammar point; it is just how this combination normally appears.

It is pronounced:

そなえています
so-na-e-te i-ma-su

Breaking it down:

• 備える = そなえる
• 備えて = そなえて
• 備えています = そなえています

The full sentence is read:

はは は ひじょうよう の みず と しょくりょう を そなえています。

Both relate to food, but the nuance is different.

• 食べ物 = food in a general everyday sense, things to eat
• 食料 = food supplies, provisions, food stocks

Because this sentence is about emergency preparedness, 食料 is a better fit. It sounds more like rations, provisions, or stored food supplies.

So:

• 非常用の水と食べ物 would sound more casual
• 非常用の水と食料 sounds more appropriate for emergency supplies

Not necessarily.

Because -ている can describe a current state, this sentence most likely means that the mother currently has emergency water and food prepared/stored.

So it is not mainly about the action happening at this exact moment. It is more about the state that exists now.

A natural interpretation is:

• My mother keeps emergency water and food on hand.
• My mother has emergency water and food prepared.

In some contexts, yes, but by default 母 usually means my mother when the speaker is talking about their own family.

Japanese family terms often depend on perspective:

• 母 = my mother
• お母さん = mother / someone else’s mother / Mom, depending on context

If you are introducing your own mother in a neutral way, 母 is normal.

So in an isolated sentence like this, most learners should understand 母 as my mother.

The sentence is:

母 は 非常用 の 水 と 食料 を 備えて います。

A helpful breakdown is:

• 母は = as for my mother
• 非常用の水と食料を = emergency water and food
• 備えています = has prepared / keeps ready

So the overall order is:

Topic + object + verb

This is very typical in Japanese, since the verb usually comes at the end.

Yes. Depending on how natural you want the English to sound, you could translate it as:

• My mother has prepared emergency water and food.
• My mother keeps emergency water and food on hand.
• My mother stores water and food for emergencies.
• My mother has emergency water and food supplies ready.

They all reflect the same basic Japanese meaning, but the nuance of 備えています is often best captured by has prepared or keeps ready/on hand.

Yes.

The の phrase 非常用の applies to the whole phrase 水と食料, so it means:

• emergency water and emergency food
• water and food for emergency use

Japanese often lets one modifier cover both nouns when they are linked by と.

So this does not mean only the water is for emergencies. It applies to both items.