Breakdown of kyou no kion ha takai desu ga, situdo ha hikui desu.
Questions & Answers about kyou no kion ha takai desu ga, situdo ha hikui desu.
の is a possessive/connecting particle, a bit like “of” or the ’s in English.
- 今日の気温 literally: “today’s temperature” or “the temperature of today.”
- Without の, 今日気温 is ungrammatical in standard Japanese.
In Japanese, you usually need の to connect a noun that modifies another noun:
- 日本の天気 – Japan’s weather / the weather in Japan
- 今日の気温 – today’s temperature / the temperature today
は is the topic marker. It marks what you are talking about.
- 気温は高いです – “As for the temperature, it is high.”
- 湿度は低いです – “As for the humidity, it is low.”
Using は here also creates a contrast:
“As for the temperature, it’s high, but as for the humidity, it’s low.”
So in this sentence, both 気温は and 湿度は are contrastive topics.
が has more than one function:
Particle が (after a noun) – usually marks the subject.
- Example: 犬がいます。 – There is a dog.
Conjunction が (between clauses) – means “but / although.”
- Example: 気温は高いですが、湿度は低いです。
In your sentence, が comes after the verb/adjective phrase 高いです, not after a noun, so it’s the conjunction “but”, linking two clauses:
- Clause 1: 気温は高いです – The temperature is high.
- Clause 2: 湿度は低いです – The humidity is low.
Joined: 気温は高いですが、湿度は低いです。 – The temperature is high, but the humidity is low.
All of these are possible, with slightly different styles:
気温は高いです が、湿度は低いです。
– Fully polite and balanced; です appears in both clauses.気温は高いですが、湿度は低いです。
– More natural: attach が directly to 高いです:
高いです + が → 高いですが.
– Still fully polite and clear.気温は高いですが、低いです。
– Grammatically OK, but slightly less clear out of context, because the second clause only says “(it) is low.”
– Usually, you’d repeat or imply 湿度は in speech, but in written or careful style, repeating 湿度は is clearer:- Best: 気温は高いですが、湿度は低いです。
高い and 低い are adjectives, specifically い-adjectives.
- 高い – high, tall, expensive (depending on context)
- 低い – low
In polite sentences, you often see:
い-adjective + です
- 高いです – is high
- 低いです – is low
Grammatically, い-adjectives by themselves already work as predicates (you could say 高い。), but adding です makes it polite.
Both can be used about temperature, but they focus on different things:
高い – “high” (a numerical/value description)
- 今日の気温は高いです。
– The temperature is high (e.g., 35°C). - More about the reading on the thermometer.
- 今日の気温は高いです。
暑い – “hot” (how it feels to people)
- 今日は暑いです。
– It’s hot today. - More about human sensation.
- 今日は暑いです。
So the given sentence is talking about the objective temperature reading (気温) being high, not just “it feels hot.”
Both relate to “small/few/low,” but they’re used differently:
低い – low (in level, height, degree, rate, etc.)
- 湿度は低いです。 – The humidity is low.
- 声が低いです。 – (Someone’s) voice is low.
少ない – few, little (in quantity or number)
- 人が少ないです。 – There are few people.
- 雨が少ないです。 – There is little rain.
For humidity, the natural and standard expression is 湿度が低い / 湿度は低い.
湿度は少ないです is not idiomatic; it sounds odd to native ears.
You can absolutely have multiple は in one sentence, and here they serve a contrastive function:
- 気温は高い – As for the temperature, it is high…
- 湿度は低い – As for the humidity, it is low…
Putting は after both nouns clearly sets up a comparison/contrast:
Regarding temperature: high, but regarding humidity: low.
This is very natural when you’re contrasting different aspects of one situation.
Yes, that’s natural too:
- 今日は気温が高いですが、湿度は低いです。
Nuance:
今日は気温が高い
- は on 今日: “As for today…”
- が on 気温: marks 気温 more like a grammatical subject within the “today” topic.
- Feels like: “Today, the temperature is high, but the humidity is low.”
今日の気温は高い (original)
- Topic is specifically 今日の気温 (“today’s temperature”), then you contrast that with 湿度は.
- Feels like you are comparing today’s temperature vs humidity more directly.
Both are correct; the difference is subtle and mostly about what you’re thematically putting in focus: “today” vs “today’s temperature.”
The comma 、 is not grammatically required, but it’s standard and helpful:
- 気温は高いですが、湿度は低いです。
It:
- Marks a pause in reading/speaking.
- Separates the two clauses …高いですが and 湿度は低いです, improving clarity.
You could technically write it without the comma, but native writing normally includes it.
Yes, if the context already makes it clear you are talking about today (or about some specific time).
- 気温は高いですが、湿度は低いです。
– The temperature is high, but the humidity is low.
In conversation, people often omit obvious information like 今日の when it’s understood from context. The given textbook-style sentence simply makes it explicit.
You cannot say 高いだ or 低いだ. For い-adjectives, you use:
- Plain: 高い。 / 低い。
- Polite: 高いです。 / 低いです。
だ is used with nouns and な-adjectives, not with い-adjectives:
- Noun: 学生だ。 / 学生です。
- な-adjective: 静かだ。 / 静かです。
- い-adjective: 高い。 / 高いです。 (not 高いだ)
So the polite, correct forms in your sentence are 高いです and 低いです.
You can reverse it:
- 今日の湿度は低いですが、気温は高いです。
– Today’s humidity is low, but the temperature is high.
The basic facts are the same, but the emphasis changes slightly:
Original: 今日の気温は高いですが、湿度は低いです。
- Starts by highlighting that the temperature is high, then adds the “but actually humidity is low” part.
Reversed:
- Starts by highlighting that the humidity is low, then adds that the temperature is high.
So you choose the order depending on what you want to foreground first.