Tutti sono presenti oggi.

Because tutti is plural and refers to all the people / everyone.

• tutto = everything or the whole thing (singular)
• tutti = everyone / all of them (plural, masculine or mixed group)
• tutte = all of them for an all-female group

So in Tutti sono presenti oggi, the sentence is talking about multiple people, not one thing.

Yes. Italian often uses a plural form where English uses everyone, which is grammatically singular in English.

So tutti can mean:

• everyone
• all of them
• all the people

The exact English translation depends on context, but the Italian grammar stays plural.

Because sono is the third person plural form of essere (to be).

• è = is (singular)
• sono = are (plural)

Since tutti refers to more than one person, the verb must also be plural:

• Tutti sono... = Everyone is / All are...

Even though English may translate it as everyone is, Italian treats tutti as plural, so it uses sono.

Presenti is an adjective meaning present.

It agrees with the subject:

• singular: presente
• plural: presenti

So:

• Mario è presente.
• Tutti sono presenti.

In this sentence, presenti describes the condition of the people: they are present.

Good question. Presente / presenti is an adjective with the same form for masculine and feminine in the plural:

• masculine singular: presente
• feminine singular: presente
• masculine plural: presenti
• feminine plural: presenti

So the plural form presenti works for both masculine and feminine groups.

The word that changes more obviously for gender here is tutti / tutte:

• Tutti sono presenti oggi. = all men or a mixed group
• Tutte sono presenti oggi. = all women

Because Italian usually does not need subject pronouns when the verb already makes the subject clear.

In this sentence:

• sono already tells you the subject is plural
• tutti already tells you who we are talking about

So loro would usually be unnecessary.

Italian prefers:

• Tutti sono presenti oggi.

rather than:

• Loro sono tutti presenti oggi.

The second version is possible only in special contexts, usually for emphasis or contrast.

Yes, it can move. Italian word order is fairly flexible.

Tutti sono presenti oggi is natural and neutral. But you could also say:

• Oggi tutti sono presenti.
• Tutti oggi sono presenti.

The difference is mostly one of emphasis:

• Tutti sono presenti oggi. = neutral statement
• Oggi tutti sono presenti. = puts more focus on today

So the end position is common, but not the only correct one.

You would usually change tutti to tutte:

• Tutte sono presenti oggi.

The adjective presenti stays the same, because its plural form is the same for masculine and feminine.

So the main gender change is:

• tutti = masculine or mixed plural
• tutte = feminine plural

It is a perfectly normal and correct sentence, and it can sound slightly formal or institutional, especially in contexts like:

• attendance
• meetings
• school
• official situations

In everyday speech, Italians might also say:

• Ci sono tutti oggi. = Everyone is here today.

That version is often a bit more conversational. But Tutti sono presenti oggi is absolutely correct and natural, especially when talking about attendance or presence explicitly.

A simple approximate guide:

• tutti ≈ TOOT-tee
• sono ≈ SOH-no
• presenti ≈ preh-ZEN-tee
• oggi ≈ OD-jee

A couple of useful pronunciation notes:

• In tutti, the double tt is pronounced more strongly than a single t.
• In oggi, gg sounds like the j sound in judge.
• Italian pronunciation is usually very regular, so once you learn the sound patterns, sentences like this become easy to read aloud.