Breakdown of La cassiera ci ha salutato gentilmente anche se era molto tardi.
essere
to be
molto
very
salutare
to greet
tardi
late
ci
us
anche se
even though
la cassiera
the cashier
gentilmente
politely
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Questions & Answers about La cassiera ci ha salutato gentilmente anche se era molto tardi.
What is ci doing in this sentence?
ci is a clitic pronoun that stands for a noi (to us) or simply “us.” Placed before the auxiliary ha, it tells you who received the greeting: “the cashier greeted us.”
Why do we use ha salutato (passato prossimo) for the greeting but era (imperfetto) for “it was very late”?
Italian uses the passato prossimo (ha salutato) to describe a specific completed action in the past (the moment she greeted us). The imperfetto (era) sets the scene or describes an ongoing state or background condition (it was late, an ongoing circumstance).
Could we have used salutò (passato remoto) instead of ha salutato?
In everyday spoken Italian, especially in northern and central regions, the passato prossimo (ha salutato) is much more common for past events. The passato remoto (salutò) often appears in literary contexts or in some dialects; using it in a casual conversation or narration might sound formal or regional.
What is anche se, and how is it different from sebbene or nonostante?
anche se means “even if” or “even though” and is followed by a full clause (subject + verb).
- sebbene and nonostante also mean “although,” but they’re more formal and often followed by the subjunctive:
- Sebbene fosse tardi, la cassiera ci ha salutato.
- Nonostante fosse tardi, la cassiera ci ha salutato.
Why is gentilmente placed between the auxiliary and the main verb?
Adverbs in Italian often come right before or after the past participle to modify how the action was done. Here gentilmente (“kindly”) sits between ha and salutato to directly qualify the greeting: “kindly greeted.”
Can we swap word order to say La cassiera salutato ci gentilmente?
No. In Italian, clitic pronouns like ci must come immediately before the conjugated verb (or attached to an infinitive/gerund). Also, placing the adverb after the participle is less natural. The correct order is La cassiera ci ha salutato gentilmente.
Why is the subject cassiera feminine? Could I say cassiero?
Cassiera refers specifically to a female cashier. While cassiere can be used as a masculine noun for a male cashier, cassiero isn’t standard. If the cashier is male, you’d normally say il cassiere; if female, la cassiera.