Pada Januari, kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.

Pada is a preposition often used for points in time, including months, dates, and certain time expressions. So pada Januari means in January.

In everyday Indonesian, people sometimes also just say Januari without pada, especially in casual speech:

• Januari, kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.

That still sounds natural. But pada Januari is clear and slightly more explicit.

Usually, no if you are talking about time.

• di is mainly for location: di rumah = at home
• pada is commonly used for time: pada hari Senin, pada Januari

So for in January, pada Januari is the better choice.

That said, in casual Indonesian, people often drop the preposition entirely:

• Januari kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.

No, it is not always required.

All of these are possible:

• Pada Januari, kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.
• Januari, kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.
• Kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru pada Januari.

Using pada makes the time phrase more explicit and can sound a bit more formal or careful.

This is a very important distinction in Indonesian:

• kami = we, but not including the listener
• kita = we, including the listener

So kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru means the speaker is talking about their group, but the person being spoken to is not part of that group.

If the listener is included, you would use kita instead.

Biasanya means usually.

In this sentence, it comes before the verb:

• kami biasanya membuat ...

That is a very common position for adverbs of frequency in Indonesian.

You may also hear slightly different placements depending on emphasis, but this one is very natural:

• Kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.

Yes. Membuat often means to make or to create.

In this sentence, membuat jadwal means to make/create a schedule. That is a normal and natural collocation in Indonesian.

Depending on context, membuat can also be translated as:

• make
• create
• produce

Here, create a new study schedule is a good natural understanding.

Indonesian noun phrases usually start with the main noun, followed by words that describe or limit it.

Here:

• jadwal = schedule
• belajar = study / studying
• baru = new

So:

• jadwal belajar = study schedule
• jadwal belajar baru = new study schedule

The head noun is jadwal, and the words after it describe what kind of schedule it is.

Literally, belajar is a verb meaning to study.

But in Indonesian, verbs can often function like modifiers after a noun. In jadwal belajar, belajar describes the purpose of the schedule: it is a schedule for studying.

So in English we might think of it as:

• study schedule
• schedule for studying

This is very common in Indonesian.

In Indonesian, adjectives usually come after the noun they describe.

So:

• jadwal baru = new schedule
• rumah besar = big house
• buku bagus = good book

That is why baru comes after jadwal belajar:

• jadwal belajar baru = new study schedule

This is one of the most noticeable differences from English word order.

Usually, jadwal belajar baru is the most natural order for new study schedule.

If you move baru, the meaning may change or sound less natural. For example:

• jadwal baru belajar could suggest something like a schedule for just starting to study or may simply sound awkward, depending on context.

So if you mean a new study schedule, stick with:

• jadwal belajar baru

Indonesian does not mark tense the way English does. Instead, time and aspect are usually understood from context or from time words and adverbs.

Here, the idea of habit comes from:

• Pada Januari = the time frame
• biasanya = usually

So even though membuat itself does not change form, the sentence clearly means something like:

• In January, we usually make/create a new study schedule.

Yes. Indonesian word order is fairly flexible, especially with time expressions.

For example, these are all natural:

• Pada Januari, kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.
• Kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru pada Januari.
• Januari, kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.

The original version puts the time phrase first, which gives it a little more focus:

• As for January / In January, ...

Yes. Names of months in Indonesian are capitalized, just like in English.

So:

• Januari
• Februari
• Maret

Using januari with a lowercase letter would normally be considered incorrect in standard writing.

The comma is helpful because Pada Januari is an introductory time phrase:

• Pada Januari, kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.

In formal writing, that comma is a good choice. In informal writing, people may leave it out:

• Pada Januari kami biasanya membuat jadwal belajar baru.

Both are understandable, but the comma makes the sentence easier to read.