Noda kopi di kemeja putih saya belum hilang.

Indonesian usually does not use articles like the, a, or an.

So noda kopi can mean:

• a coffee stain
• the coffee stain
• coffee stains in some contexts

The exact meaning depends on context. In this sentence, context makes it clear that it means the coffee stain or a coffee stain on the speaker’s shirt.

Noda kopi literally means coffee stain.

This is a very common Indonesian noun pattern:

• noda = stain
• kopi = coffee

When two nouns are put together like this, the second noun often describes the first one. So noda kopi means a stain of/from coffee, not necessarily a possessive coffee’s stain.

Other similar examples:

• air panas = hot water
• gelas kopi = coffee glass / coffee cup depending on context
• uang sekolah = school money / school fee

Because here di is a preposition meaning in, on, at.

• di kemeja = on the shirt

In Indonesian, di is written separately when it is a preposition:

• di rumah = at home
• di meja = on the table

But di- is written attached when it is a passive verb prefix:

• dibuka = opened
• ditulis = written

So:

• di kemeja = correct
• dikemeja = incorrect here

In Indonesian, adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• kemeja putih = white shirt
• rumah besar = big house
• mobil baru = new car

This is the normal word order:

• noun + adjective

So kemeja putih saya literally follows the pattern:

• shirt + white + my

Because possessives in Indonesian usually come after the noun phrase.

So:

• kemeja saya = my shirt
• kemeja putih saya = my white shirt

The order is typically:

noun + adjective + possessor

Examples:

• buku baru saya = my new book
• rumah besar mereka = their big house
• tas hitamnya = his/her black bag

So kemeja putih saya is the normal way to say my white shirt.

Because belum means not yet, while tidak means a more general not.

• belum hilang = has not disappeared yet / has not come out yet
• tidak hilang = does not disappear / is not gone

In this sentence, the idea is that the stain is still there for now, but it may disappear later. That is exactly what belum expresses.

A very useful contrast:

• Saya belum makan. = I haven’t eaten yet.
• Saya tidak makan. = I’m not eating / I do not eat.

So belum is the natural choice here.

Yes. Hilang literally means disappear, be gone, or vanish.

In this sentence, Indonesian uses belum hilang where English might say:

• hasn’t disappeared yet
• hasn’t gone away yet
• hasn’t come out yet

So the Indonesian is very natural, even if the most natural English translation uses a different verb.

Also notice that hilang is intransitive here: the stain itself disappears. Indonesian often prefers this kind of wording.

Indonesian often omits the verb to be in sentences like this.

English needs:

• The coffee stain ... is not gone yet.

Indonesian can simply say:

• Noda kopi ... belum hilang.

This is very common in Indonesian. The sentence is complete without a separate word for is.

Other examples:

• Dia guru. = He/She is a teacher.
• Rumah itu besar. = That house is big.
• Saya sibuk. = I am busy.

Because it describes which coffee stain we are talking about.

So the structure is roughly:

• Noda kopi = coffee stain
• di kemeja putih saya = on my white shirt
• belum hilang = hasn’t disappeared yet

Putting the location phrase after the noun is natural and helps specify the noun:

• the coffee stain on my white shirt

This kind of noun + location pattern is common:

• buku di meja = the book on the table
• orang di depan rumah = the person in front of the house

Yes, that is possible.

• di kemeja putih saya = on my white shirt
• pada kemeja putih saya = on my white shirt

In everyday speech, di is more common and more direct here. Pada can sound a little more formal or written, depending on context.

So for normal conversation, di kemeja putih saya is the most natural choice.

Grammatically, noda kopi is singular in form, so it most naturally refers to one stain or the stain as a general issue.

Indonesian nouns usually do not change form for singular vs. plural. If you really want to make it clearly plural, you could say:

• noda-noda kopi = coffee stains

But in many contexts, Indonesian leaves number unstated unless it matters.

So this sentence most naturally suggests the coffee stain on the shirt, but context is what really decides.

Yes. The given sentence is natural, but there are other natural ways to express a similar idea.

For example:

• Noda kopi di kemeja putih saya masih ada. = The coffee stain on my white shirt is still there.
• Noda kopi di kemeja putih saya belum juga hilang. = The coffee stain on my white shirt still hasn’t gone away.
• Noda kopi di kemeja putih saya susah hilang. = The coffee stain on my white shirt is hard to remove / hard to get out.

Your original sentence is clear and idiomatic. These are just variations with slightly different emphasis.