Questions & Answers about Siang terasa panas di kota.
Siang is a time-of-day word that roughly covers late morning to mid‑afternoon.
Typical rough divisions in Indonesian:
- pagi = morning (around 4–10 a.m.)
- siang = late morning / midday / early afternoon (around 10 a.m.–3 p.m.)
- sore = late afternoon / early evening (around 3–6 p.m.)
- malam = night (after dark)
In this sentence, siang is used like a time period:
> Siang terasa panas di kota.
> Midday / the daytime feels hot in the city.
In natural English you might translate it as “The daytime feels hot in the city” or “It feels hot in the city during the day (around midday).”
The subject is siang (the midday / daytime).
Indonesian often does not need a pronoun like “it” when talking about weather or general conditions. Instead, a noun like siang, cuaca (weather), udara (air), or hari (day) can serve as the subject.
So structurally:
- Siang = subject
- terasa = verb (“feels / is felt”)
- panas = complement (adjective “hot”)
- di kota = adverbial phrase (“in the city”)
Indonesian does not need something like “It” in “It is hot”. The noun itself (here, siang) works as the subject.
Indonesian adjectives can function as predicates directly, without a separate verb like “to be”.
Compare:
- English: The day is hot.
- Indonesian: Siang panas. (literally “Daytime hot.”)
In terasa panas, the “verb‑like” word is terasa (“to be felt / to feel”), and panas is still just an adjective:
- terasa ≈ “feels / is felt”
- panas = “hot”
So you can think of:
Siang terasa panas.
= “Midday feels hot.”
There is no separate word for “is”; the structure works without it in Indonesian.
Both come from the root rasa (taste / feeling / sense).
- merasa = “to feel” actively, usually with an explicit subject who feels something
- Saya merasa lelah. = “I feel tired.”
- terasa = more passive or stative, “is felt / feels (to someone)”
- Udara terasa dingin. = “The air feels cold / is felt as cold.”
In your sentence:
Siang terasa panas di kota.
This means “The daytime feels hot in the city” (how it comes across, how it is experienced).
If you used merasa, you’d need a person:
- Saya merasa panas siang-siang di kota. = “I feel hot at midday in the city.”
Yes, there’s a nuance:
Siang panas di kota.
- More neutral, like stating a fact: “Midday is hot in the city.”
Siang terasa panas di kota.
- Emphasizes how it feels / is experienced.
- More like “Midday feels hot in the city” or “Midday seems hot in the city.”
Using terasa puts a slight focus on the subjective experience of heat, not just the bare fact that it is hot.
Yes, that’s correct and natural.
Both of these are fine:
- Siang terasa panas di kota.
- Siang di kota terasa panas.
The meaning is essentially the same. The difference is a small shift in emphasis:
- Siang terasa panas di kota.
Slightly more focus on the feeling of heat, then location. - Siang di kota terasa panas.
Groups siang di kota (“daytime in the city”) together, then comments that that feels hot.
In everyday conversation, both are acceptable and sound normal.
Yes. That’s also grammatically correct:
- Di kota, siang terasa panas.
Putting di kota at the front puts a bit more emphasis on the location:
In the city, the daytime feels hot.
This kind of fronting is common in Indonesian, especially in storytelling or description. All of these are possible and correct:
- Siang terasa panas di kota.
- Siang di kota terasa panas.
- Di kota, siang terasa panas.
Indonesian has no articles like English “a / an / the”.
So kota by itself can mean:
- “the city”
- “a city”
- “cities (in general)”
The exact meaning depends on context.
In many real situations, kota here will be understood as “the city (we’re talking about)”—for example, the city where both speakers are right now.
If you want to be clearer:
- di kota ini = in this city
- di kota itu = in that city
- di sebuah kota = in a (certain) city (more explicitly indefinite)
di is a common preposition in Indonesian that usually means “in / at / on” (for location).
So:
- di kota = “in the city”
- di rumah = “at home”
- di sekolah = “at school”
- di Jakarta = “in Jakarta”
Important: di must be written separately from the noun:
✅ di kota
❌ dikota
(When di- is a prefix on a verb, it becomes one word, e.g. dibaca = “is read”. But as a preposition, it’s always separate.)
Common ways to intensify panas:
- sangat panas = very hot (more neutral/formal)
- panas sekali = very hot (very common)
- panas banget = really hot (informal / colloquial)
You can place them like this:
Siang terasa sangat panas di kota.
= “Midday feels very hot in the city.”Siang terasa panas sekali di kota.
= “Midday feels very hot in the city.”Siang terasa panas banget di kota. (informal)
= “Midday feels really hot in the city.”
The intensifier normally comes right before or right after the adjective panas.
Yes, you can make it more formal or explicit by expanding it:
Pada siang hari, udara di kota terasa panas.
“During the daytime, the air in the city feels hot.”Pada siang hari di kota ini, suhu udara terasa panas.
“During the daytime in this city, the air temperature feels hot.”Siang hari di kota ini biasanya terasa sangat panas.
“Daytime in this city usually feels very hot.”
Your original sentence is short, natural, and neutral, good for everyday spoken Indonesian. The longer versions sound more like written description, reports, or formal speech.