Breakdown of Selain layanan, kami membahas kualitas dan biaya di rapat keluarga.
di
at
kami
we
dan
and
selain
besides
layanan
the service
kualitas
the quality
membahas
to discuss
biaya
the cost
rapat keluarga
the family meeting
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Questions & Answers about Selain layanan, kami membahas kualitas dan biaya di rapat keluarga.
What does the word selain convey here—does it mean in addition to or except for?
Here it’s inclusive: selain = in addition to. The sentence says that services were one topic, and quality and costs were also discussed.
- Inclusive cue: you can add juga to make it explicit: Selain layanan, kami juga membahas kualitas dan biaya.
- Exclusive use (except for) shows up in patterns like: Selain Budi, semua hadir.
Why is there a comma after Selain layanan? Is it required?
A fronted adverbial or prepositional phrase is commonly followed by a comma for clarity. It’s optional but good style: Selain layanan, … Without the comma is not wrong but is less readable.
What’s the difference between layanan and pelayanan?
- layanan: the service as an offering/product (e.g., layanan internet, layanan premium).
- pelayanan: the act/process of serving (e.g., pelayanan pelanggan, pelayanan publik). They overlap in casual use, but prefer pelayanan when focusing on how people serve, and layanan for the service provided.
Is membahas tentang correct, or is tentang redundant?
With membahas, tentang is redundant. Use one of:
- Kami membahas kualitas dan biaya.
- Kami berdiskusi tentang kualitas dan biaya.
- Kami membicarakan/mendiskusikan kualitas dan biaya.
How do membahas, membicarakan, mendiskusikan, and berdiskusi tentang differ?
All mean to discuss, but:
- membahas: analyze/discuss in some depth; takes a direct object.
- membicarakan: talk about; common; takes a direct object.
- mendiskusikan: formal; takes a direct object.
- berdiskusi (tentang): intransitive; participants have a discussion; needs tentang for the topic.
Should it be kami or kita?
- kami = we (excluding the listener). Use if the person you’re talking to wasn’t in the meeting.
- kita = we (including the listener). Use if the listener was part of the meeting.
Are kualitas and mutu the same?
Yes, near-synonyms for quality.
- mutu is native and common in phrases like jaminan mutu, bermutu.
- kualitas is a loanword and widely used, especially in marketing/technical contexts.
What’s the difference among biaya, harga, and ongkos?
- biaya: cost/expense (often component or total costs of activities/services).
- harga: price (the sticker price you pay to buy something).
- ongkos: fee/fare; colloquial, often for transport/services (ongkos taksi).
Is di rapat keluarga the best choice, or should I use pada/dalam/saat?
All are acceptable with slight nuance:
- di rapat keluarga: at the family meeting (neutral).
- pada rapat keluarga: a bit more formal.
- dalam rapat keluarga: within/during the meeting session.
- saat/ketika rapat keluarga: during the time of the meeting.
Does the verb show past, present, or future? How would I mark it?
Indonesian is tenseless; add time/aspect markers:
- Past/already: Kami sudah membahas … / Tadi kami membahas …
- Progressive: Kami sedang membahas …
- Future: Kami akan membahas … Time nouns/adverbs also help: … di rapat keluarga kemarin.
Do I need to mark plurals like “costs” or “services”?
No. Plurality is usually understood from context. To emphasize variety or many items:
- biaya-biaya, berbagai biaya, beberapa layanan.
Is rapat keluarga natural? Could I say pertemuan keluarga?
Both are natural:
- rapat keluarga: a meeting with an agenda/decision-making vibe.
- pertemuan keluarga: a family gathering/meeting (broader, may be less formal). You might also see musyawarah keluarga in contexts emphasizing deliberation/consensus.
Can I move the meeting phrase to the front or change the order?
Yes:
- Di rapat keluarga, kami membahas kualitas dan biaya.
- Kami membahas kualitas dan biaya saat/dalam rapat keluarga. Fronting the meeting phrase emphasizes the setting and can avoid any brief ambiguity about whether di rapat keluarga modifies biaya or the verb.
How would the passive voice look?
- Kualitas dan biaya dibahas di rapat keluarga. Passive foregrounds the topics and omits or downplays the agent; it sounds a bit more formal.
What’s the difference between the preposition di and the passive prefix di-?
- di (preposition) is written separately before nouns: di rapat.
- di- (passive prefix) attaches to verbs with no space: dibahas, dikerjakan. Never write a space for the prefix.
Should there be a comma before dan when listing items (an Oxford comma)?
Indonesian typically does not use the Oxford comma. A three-item list would be:
- Kami membahas layanan, kualitas dan biaya di rapat keluarga. Using dan before the last item is enough unless you need a comma for clarity.
Why is it membahas (with mem-) and not menbahas?
Because of the meN- prefix assimilation rules:
- meN-
- words starting with b become mem-: membahas. Other common patterns: men- (t/d/c/j/z), meng- (k/g/h/vowels), meny- (s).