Breakdown of Dokumen itu diperiksa di kantor sebelum rapat.
itu
that
di
in
kantor
the office
sebelum
before
rapat
the meeting
dokumen
the document
diperiksa
to be checked
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Questions & Answers about Dokumen itu diperiksa di kantor sebelum rapat.
What is the function of itu in Dokumen itu diperiksa di kantor sebelum rapat?
itu is a demonstrative pronoun placed after a noun to mean that. Here Dokumen itu means that document, specifying a particular one the speaker and listener both know.
Why is the verb diperiksa in the passive voice, and how is it formed?
diperiksa is the passive form of the active verb memeriksa (to check). In passive, Indonesian uses the prefix di- attached to the verb root periksa, so diperiksa means is/was checked.
How can you tell that di in diperiksa is a passive prefix and not the preposition di meaning “in/at”?
The passive di- is a bound morpheme directly attached to the verb root with no space (diperiksa). The preposition di for location always stands alone, as in di kantor.
What does di kantor add to the sentence, and why does it follow the verb?
di kantor is a locative phrase meaning at the office, indicating where the checking happens. Indonesian usually places location phrases after the verb.
What role does sebelum rapat play, and could it be positioned differently?
sebelum rapat is a time adverbial meaning before the meeting, showing when the action took place. It can appear at the end or front of the sentence: Sebelum rapat, dokumen itu diperiksa di kantor.
If you want to mention who checked the document, how would you express the agent?
You can add oleh before the agent in passive: Dokumen itu diperiksa oleh Budi di kantor sebelum rapat, or use active voice: Budi memeriksa dokumen itu di kantor sebelum rapat.