Ruang itu bersih dan rapi.

to be

Breakdown of Ruang itu bersih dan rapi.

• itu: that
• dan: and
• bersih: clean

Questions & Answers about Ruang itu bersih dan rapi.

What does ruang mean in this sentence?

Ruang means “room” or “space.” Here it refers to an enclosed area like a room in a building.

What does itu do? Can it be omitted or replaced?

itu is a demonstrative meaning “that,” so Ruang itu = “that room.” You can omit it for a more general statement (Ruang bersih dan rapi = “Rooms are clean and tidy”) or replace it with ini to say “this room” (Ruang ini bersih dan rapi).

Why is there no word for “is” (to be) in Ruang itu bersih dan rapi?

Indonesian equative sentences drop the copula is/am/are. You simply place the noun followed by adjectives, and the meaning “is” is implied.

Are bersih and rapi adjectives or verbs?

They function as adjectives (predicates) when they follow a noun. Technically, Indonesian adjectives can behave like verbs because there’s no separate adjective word class, but here they describe the room’s state.

Why does bersih have the prefix ber- while rapi has no prefix?

Some adjectives are basic roots (rapi), while others are lexicalized with ber- (bersih). There isn’t a productivity rule—each adjective’s form must be learned individually.