A folt nagy, de nincs szakadás.

In Hungarian, the verb to be is usually left out in the present tense, third person when you are linking a noun and an adjective or another noun.

So:

• A folt nagy. = The stain/spot is big.
• literally: The stain big.

This is completely normal Hungarian grammar.

But in other persons, the verb appears:

• Nagy vagyok. = I am big.
• Nagy vagy. = You are big.
• Nagy. = He/she/it is big.

So the missing is is not an omission or a casual shortcut; it is the standard rule.

Hungarian has special negative forms of van (to be / there is):

• van = there is / is
• nincs = there is not / is not
• plural: vannak / nincsenek

So:

• Van szakadás. = There is a tear.
• Nincs szakadás. = There is no tear.

You do not normally say nem van in standard Hungarian for this meaning.

Because the two parts work differently.

• A folt means the stain/spot/patch — a specific one already known from context.
• nincs szakadás means there is no tear — this is an existential statement, and Hungarian normally uses no article here.

So:

• A folt nagy = The stain is big
• nincs szakadás = there is no tear

If you are saying that something does not exist / is not present, Hungarian often uses a bare noun after nincs.

Folt can mean several related things depending on context, such as:

• spot
• stain
• patch
• blemish

In a sentence like this, the exact English word depends on what kind of object you are talking about:

• on clothing: stain or patch
• on a surface: spot
• on skin or material: possibly mark or blemish

So folt is a broad noun, and the best translation depends on the situation.

Szakadás comes from the verb szakad, which has meanings connected with tearing, ripping, or breaking apart.

As a noun, szakadás can mean:

• tear
• rip
• split
• rupture
  depending on context

In everyday clothing/fabric context, tear or rip is the most natural English equivalent.

So nincs szakadás means there is no rip/tear in it.

In A folt nagy, nagy is not directly modifying the noun inside a noun phrase. It is the predicate adjective.

Compare:

• a nagy folt = the big stain
  Here nagy comes before the noun because it is part of the noun phrase.

• A folt nagy. = The stain is big.
  Here nagy is what is being said about the stain, so it comes after the noun.

This is similar to the difference between:

• the big stain
• the stain is big

Yes. Nagy a folt is also grammatical, but the emphasis is a bit different.

• A folt nagy. = neutral statement: The stain is big.
• Nagy a folt. = more focus on big: The stain is big / It’s big, the stain.

Hungarian word order is flexible, and changing the order often changes emphasis rather than basic meaning.

De simply means but.

It links the two contrasting ideas:

• A folt nagy = The stain is big
• de nincs szakadás = but there is no tear

So the speaker is contrasting two facts: there is a noticeable flaw or mark, but there is no actual rip.

Nagy is pronounced approximately like nody or nawdy, but the final gy is a special Hungarian sound that does not exist as a normal single sound in English.

A rough guide:

• na as in not or naw
• gy is a soft consonant, somewhat like the dy in duke for some English speakers, but not exactly

So a rough learner pronunciation might be:

• nawdy / nodj

The important thing is that gy is one letter sound in Hungarian spelling, not a separate g + y.

In Hungarian:

• sz = English s
• s = English sh

So szakadás begins with a normal s sound, not sh.

That means:

• szakadás starts like saka-...
• not like shaka-...

This spelling difference is very important in Hungarian.

Hungarian often uses the singular where English might prefer a plural in general statements of absence.

So:

• nincs szakadás = there is no tear / there are no tears

In context, this usually means there is no tearing at all.

If you really wanted to use the plural, you could say:

• nincsenek szakadások

But in many ordinary situations, the singular nincs szakadás sounds more natural.

Both folt and szakadás are in the nominative form here, which is the basic dictionary form.

• A folt nagy.
• nincs szakadás.

No extra case ending is needed because:

• folt is the subject of the first clause
• szakadás is the noun used in an existential/absence statement in the second clause

So this sentence is grammatically quite simple in terms of case marking.

Yes. It sounds like something someone might say when inspecting fabric, clothing, upholstery, or some other material.

The idea is:

• there is a visible mark/stain/patch
• but at least there is no rip or tear

So it feels practical and conversational, especially in a context like checking damage or condition.