אני מקווה שכאב הראש יעבור עד מחר בבוקר.

ש is a very common Hebrew connector meaning that.

So:

• אני מקווה = I hope
• שכאב הראש יעבור = that the headache will go away

In Hebrew, ש is usually written as a prefix, attached directly to the following word. So שכאב is really:

• ש + כאב

This is completely normal in Hebrew spelling.

Yes. Literally, כאב הראש is something like the pain of the head.

Hebrew often expresses this kind of idea with a construct phrase (called smikhut), where two nouns are linked:

• כאב ראש = headache / a headache
• כאב הראש = the headache

So English uses one word, headache, but Hebrew often builds it from two nouns: pain + head.

This is how definiteness works in a Hebrew construct chain.

In a phrase like כאב הראש, the whole expression is made definite by putting ה on the second noun:

• כאב ראש = a headache
• כאב הראש = the headache

You do not normally say הכאב הראש for this meaning. In this structure, the second word carries the definiteness for the whole phrase.

יעבור is the 3rd person masculine singular future form of the verb לעבור.

The basic meaning of לעבור is to pass, to go by, or to pass through. But with things like pain, illness, anger, or discomfort, it often means:

• to pass
• to go away
• to wear off

So in this sentence, כאב הראש יעבור means:

• the headache will pass
• the headache will go away

Both are good English equivalents.

Because the speaker is talking about something expected to happen later.

In English, we often say:

• I hope the headache goes away

Even though goes looks like present tense, the meaning is future.

In Hebrew, the future is stated more directly:

• אני מקווה שכאב הראש יעבור

So this is very natural Hebrew. After I hope, Hebrew usually uses the tense that matches the actual time of the hoped-for event.

Because it agrees with כאב הראש.

The head noun here is כאב (pain / ache), and כאב is grammatically masculine singular. So the verb must also be masculine singular:

• כאב הראש יעבור

If the subject were feminine or plural, the verb form would change accordingly.

Literally, עד often means until. But in this sentence, the most natural English meaning is:

• by tomorrow morning

So:

• עד מחר בבוקר = by tomorrow morning

With a verb like יעבור (will pass / go away), English usually prefers by rather than until.

Breaking it down:

• עד = until / by
• מחר = tomorrow
• בבוקר = in the morning

Together: by tomorrow morning.

It can often be omitted.

Hebrew frequently drops subject pronouns because the verb already shows the person:

• אני מקווה = I hope
• מקווה = also often understood as I hope, especially in context

So both can work, but:

• אני מקווה sounds a bit more explicit
• מקווה can sound slightly more conversational or lighter in context

In a learner sentence, keeping אני is very helpful and completely natural.

A natural pronunciation is:

ani mekavé she-ke'ÉV ha-rósh ya'avor ad machár babóker

A few useful notes:

• מקווה is stressed at the end: mekaVÉ
• כאב here is the noun pain, pronounced ke'ÉV
• הראש = haRÓSH
• יעבור = ya'AVOR
• מחר = maCHAR
• בבוקר = baBOKER

A common learner issue is כאב, because the same spelling can be associated with different forms. In this sentence, it is the noun pain, pronounced ke'ÉV.