לא משנה מתי יהיה המועד הסופי, אני אבוא.

In this sentence, לא משנה is a very common Hebrew expression meaning it doesn't matter or no matter.

Literally, it comes from the verb לשנות in the sense of to make a difference / to matter. So לא משנה is essentially it does not matter.

In this sentence, לא משנה מתי... means no matter when...

יהיה is the future tense of להיות (to be), third person masculine singular: he/it will be.

Hebrew often uses the future here because the sentence is talking about something that has not been determined yet:

• מתי יהיה המועד הסופי = when the final date/time will be

So even though English sometimes uses present tense in similar clauses, Hebrew naturally uses the future here.

This part is an embedded clause:

• מתי = when
• יהיה = will be
• המועד הסופי = the final date / the final موعد / the final scheduled time

So the structure is:

• מתי יהיה המועד הסופי = when the final date will be

It is not a direct question here, even though it starts with מתי. It is a subordinate clause inside the larger sentence.

Because Hebrew adjectives must match the noun in definiteness.

Here:

• המועד = the date / the time / the appointment
• הסופי = the final

If the noun is definite with ה־, the adjective also has to be definite:

• מועד סופי = a final date
• המועד הסופי = the final date

This is a very important Hebrew pattern.

Because in Hebrew, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• מועד סופי = literally date final
• בית גדול = big house literally house big
• איש נחמד = nice man literally man nice

This is the standard word order for noun + adjective in Hebrew.

יהיה agrees with המועד, which is a masculine singular noun.

So:

• המועד = masculine singular
• therefore יהיה = masculine singular future of to be

If the noun were feminine singular, you would expect תהיה instead.

For example:

• מתי תהיה הפגישה הסופית = when the final meeting will be

Yes, אבוא by itself would already mean I will come.

Hebrew often drops subject pronouns because the verb already shows the person:

• אבוא = I will come

Adding אני can do a few things:

• make the subject extra clear
• add emphasis
• sound slightly more explicit or contrastive

So both are possible:

• לא משנה מתי יהיה המועד הסופי, אבוא.
• לא משנה מתי יהיה המועד הסופי, אני אבוא.

The version with אני is not wrong at all; it just sounds a bit more emphatic.

אבוא is the first person singular future form of לבוא (to come).

So:

• אבוא = I will come

Some related forms are:

• תבוא = you will come / she will come
• יבוא = he will come
• נבוא = we will come

So the second half of the sentence is very straightforward: אני אבוא = I will come.

The comma separates the introductory clause from the main clause:

• לא משנה מתי יהיה המועד הסופי = introductory subordinate clause
• אני אבוא = main clause

In English, you would often do the same thing:

• No matter when the final date is, I’ll come.

So the comma helps show the pause and the structure of the sentence.

Yes, very common.

Hebrew often uses לא משנה + question word to mean no matter...

Examples:

• לא משנה מי יבוא = no matter who comes
• לא משנה איפה נהיה = no matter where we are
• לא משנה איך תעשה את זה = no matter how you do it
• לא משנה מתי = no matter when

So this sentence uses a very productive and useful everyday pattern.

Yes. מועד can mean different things depending on context, such as:

• date
• time
• appointed time
• occasion
• deadline or scheduled date in some contexts

So המועד הסופי might be understood as:

• the final date
• the final scheduled time
• the final deadline

The exact best translation depends on the broader situation.

Yes, this word order is natural.

The sentence begins with the no matter when... clause and then gives the main statement:

• לא משנה מתי יהיה המועד הסופי, אני אבוא.

That is a normal and clear way to say it.

Hebrew could sometimes express a similar idea differently, but this sentence is perfectly idiomatic and natural.