אחרי הראיון ביקשתי משוב קצר, כדי להבין מה היה טוב ומה לא.

אחרי means after here. The ה־ is the definite article, so הראיון means the interview.

So אחרי הראיון is after the interview, not just after an interview.

A slightly more formal alternative would be לאחר הראיון, but אחרי הראיון is very natural.

ביקשתי is the past tense, first person singular form of the verb לבקש (to ask for / to request).

The ־תי ending usually means I in the past tense:

• ביקשתי = I asked / I requested
• הבנתי = I understood
• רציתי = I wanted

So the subject אני is not needed, because the verb already tells you I.

In Hebrew, לבקש often takes the thing requested directly, without a separate word meaning for.

So:

• ביקשתי משוב = I asked for feedback
• ביקשתי עזרה = I asked for help
• ביקשתי מים = I asked for water

If you want to say from someone, then you add that separately:

• ביקשתי ממנו משוב = I asked him for feedback

Because את is normally used before a definite direct object.

Here, משוב קצר means brief feedback, which is indefinite, so there is no את.

Compare:

• ביקשתי משוב קצר = I asked for brief feedback
• ביקשתי את המשוב = I asked for the feedback

So the absence of את is completely normal here.

In Hebrew, adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• משוב קצר = brief feedback
• ספר טוב = a good book
• שאלה חשובה = an important question

Also, the adjective has to agree with the noun in gender and number.
Here, משוב is masculine singular, so קצר is also masculine singular.

משוב is a real, common Hebrew word meaning feedback. It sounds natural and fairly standard.

In everyday speech, many Israelis also say פידבק, especially in informal or professional contexts.

So both can appear, but משוב קצר is perfectly natural Hebrew.

כדי means in order to or so as to.
להבין is the infinitive to understand.

So כדי להבין means in order to understand.

Hebrew often uses כדי + infinitive to express purpose:

• למדתי כדי להצליח = I studied in order to succeed
• התקשרתי כדי לשאול = I called in order to ask

Here it explains the purpose of asking for feedback.

Because the sentence is talking about something in the past.

In the present tense, Hebrew usually does not use a word like is:

• מה טוב = what is good

But in the past tense, Hebrew does use היה:

• מה היה טוב = what was good

Since the interview already happened, the sentence uses the past: what was good.

Yes. מה here means what, but not as a direct question by itself. It introduces an embedded clause:

• מה היה טוב = what was good
• מה לא = what wasn’t / what was not

So the speaker wants to understand what was good and what wasn’t.

Because מה often takes the default masculine singular form in this kind of structure.

So:

• מה היה טוב? = what was good?
• מה היה קשה? = what was difficult?

Even if the speaker is really thinking about several aspects of the interview, Hebrew often uses היה here in a general, abstract way.

If you made the subject explicitly plural, then the verb would change:

• אילו דברים היו טובים = which things were good

Because Hebrew often leaves out repeated words when they are already understood from the context.

So ומה לא is a shorter way of saying:

• ומה לא היה טוב

This kind of omission is very natural. English does the same thing sometimes:

• what was good and what wasn’t

The second half is shorter, but the missing part is understood automatically.

Yes, but the given word order is very natural.

For example, you could say:

• אחרי הראיון ביקשתי משוב קצר כדי להבין מה היה טוב ומה לא

This version simply drops the comma. The meaning stays the same.

You could also move parts around for emphasis, but the original sentence is clear, idiomatic, and neutral.