על הענף מול החלון יושבת ציפור קטנה, ואחת הכנפיים שלה רטובה מהגשם.

Hebrew often puts a place or setting first, especially in descriptive sentences.

So:

• על הענף מול החלון = on the branch opposite/in front of the window
• then יושבת ציפור קטנה = a small bird is sitting

This word order feels natural in Hebrew when you are first setting the scene and then introducing what is there. It is similar to English sentences like:

• On the branch by the window sits a small bird.

That is less common in everyday English, but very normal in Hebrew.

This is a common Hebrew sentence pattern: a location or setting comes first, then the verb, then the subject.

So the structure is:

• על הענף מול החלון = location
• יושבת = verb
• ציפור קטנה = subject

Hebrew often uses this order in present-tense descriptive sentences, especially when introducing something into a scene.

You can also say ציפור קטנה יושבת על הענף מול החלון, but the original version sounds more literary or descriptive.

Because the subject is ציפור, and ציפור is grammatically feminine in Hebrew.

So:

• ציפור = feminine singular noun
• therefore the participle/present-tense form must also be feminine singular:
  • יושב = masculine singular
  • יושבת = feminine singular

Even though English says the bird is sitting without showing gender in the verb, Hebrew must match the noun’s grammatical gender.

מול means opposite, facing, or sometimes in front of, depending on context.

In this sentence:

• הענף מול החלון = the branch opposite the window / the branch in front of the window

It describes the branch’s position relative to the window.

It does not mean the branch belongs to the window; it only shows location.

Because ה־ is the Hebrew definite article, meaning the.

So:

• הענף = the branch
• החלון = the window
• ציפור קטנה = a small bird / small bird (indefinite)

Hebrew does not usually have a separate word for a/an.
If a noun does not have ה־, it is usually indefinite.

So the sentence is talking about:

• a specific branch
• a specific window
• but an unspecified small bird

In Hebrew, adjectives usually come after the noun they describe.

So:

• ציפור קטנה = small bird
• literally: bird small

Also, the adjective must agree with the noun in:

• gender
• number
• definiteness

Since ציפור is feminine singular and indefinite, קטנה is also feminine singular and indefinite.

Compare:

• ציפור קטנה = a small bird
• הציפור הקטנה = the small bird

אחת הכנפיים שלה literally means one of her wings.

This is more natural than כנף שלה here, because a bird has two wings, and the sentence is specifying that only one of them is wet.

Breakdown:

• אחת = one (feminine)
• הכנפיים = the wings
• שלה = her/its

Together:

• אחת הכנפיים שלה = one of her wings / one of its wings

Since כנף is feminine, the word for one must be feminine too: אחת.

Because אחת is the feminine form of one, and it refers to כנף / כנפיים, which is feminine.

Hebrew numbers agree in gender with the noun.

So:

• אחד = one (masculine)
• אחת = one (feminine)

Examples:

• ילד אחד = one boy
• ילדה אחת = one girl
• כנף אחת = one wing

Here the phrase is אחת הכנפיים, literally one of the wings, so the feminine form is required.

Because the phrase means one of the wings.

Hebrew uses this structure:

• אחד / אחת + plural noun
• to mean one of the ...

So:

• אחת הכנפיים שלה = one of her wings

Also, כנפיים is the usual form for wings. It has the ending ־יים, which historically is a dual ending and is often used for body parts that come in pairs.

So even though only one wing is being singled out, the phrase refers to the whole pair first: one of the wings.

Yes, both are possible, but שלה is more common in everyday modern Hebrew.

• הכנפיים שלה = her/its wings
• כנפיה = her wings / its wings using a suffix attached directly to the noun

The suffix form כנפיה is more literary, formal, or biblical in flavor.
In normal modern speech, speakers usually prefer:

• הכנפיים שלה

So the sentence sounds natural and modern.

Because רטובה describes אחת, meaning one, not הכנפיים as a whole.

The subject of the second part is effectively:

• אחת הכנפיים שלה = one of her wings

That whole phrase is grammatically singular and feminine, so the adjective must be singular feminine too:

• רטוב = masculine singular
• רטובה = feminine singular
• רטובים = masculine plural
• רטובות = feminine plural

Since only one wing is wet, רטובה is correct.

מהגשם means from the rain.

It is made of:

• מ־ = from
• הגשם = the rain

So:

• רטובה מהגשם = wet from the rain

Hebrew often uses מ־ in places where English uses from or sometimes because of.

Here it expresses the cause or source of the wetness.

In present-tense Hebrew, the verb to be is usually omitted.

So Hebrew says:

• יושבת ציפור קטנה
  literally something like
• a small bird sitting

but it means:

• a small bird is sitting

Likewise:

• אחת הכנפיים שלה רטובה
  literally
• one of her wings wet

but it means:

• one of her wings is wet

This is a very basic feature of Hebrew grammar: in the present tense, you normally do not use a word for am / is / are.

Grammatically, שלה is the feminine singular possessive form, so it can mean:

• her
• its (for a feminine noun)

Since ציפור is grammatically feminine, שלה agrees with that noun.
In English, we would usually translate it as its when talking about an animal in a neutral way.

So although the Hebrew form is the same as her, the natural English meaning here is usually:

• one of its wings

Usually the ו is needed here, because it links the two clauses:

• ... יושבת ציפור קטנה, ואחת הכנפיים שלה רטובה מהגשם.
• ... a small bird is sitting, and one of its wings is wet from the rain.

Without ו, the connection would feel weaker or less natural.

Hebrew uses ו very often to connect related clauses, sometimes even more often than English uses and.

It is perfectly understandable modern Hebrew, but it has a slightly descriptive, written feel because of the word order:

• על הענף מול החלון יושבת ציפור קטנה

In very casual speech, many speakers might say something more straightforward like:

• ציפור קטנה יושבת על הענף מול החלון

Both are correct.
The original version sounds more like narration or scene-setting, which is common in writing and careful description.