אני גאה בך, כי את מדברת עברית טוב מאוד.

Here את means you, specifically you addressed to one female person.

Hebrew has two different words that are both written את in ordinary spelling:

• את = you feminine singular
• את = the direct object marker used before definite direct objects

In this sentence, it is clearly the pronoun you, because it comes before מדברת and acts as the subject:

• את מדברת = you speak to one woman or girl

If it were the object marker, it would come before a definite noun, not before a verb.

Because Hebrew present-tense verbs agree with the subject in gender and number.

Since the subject is את, which is feminine singular, the verb must also be feminine singular:

• את מדברת = you speak, feminine
• אתה מדבר = you speak, masculine

So מדברת matches את.

Yes.

In Hebrew, present-tense forms usually show gender and number, but not person. So מדברת can mean:

• she speaks
• you speak to one female
• sometimes speaking, depending on context

That is why pronouns are often important in the present tense:

• היא מדברת = she speaks
• את מדברת = you speak, feminine

The verb form alone does not tell you whether it is she or you.

Because Hebrew usually does not use a present-tense form of to be in simple sentences.

So:

• אני גאה literally looks like I proud
• but it means I am proud

This is completely normal Hebrew. In the present tense, the verb to be is usually left out.

That is also one reason אני is helpful here: it tells you who is proud.

Because גאה normally goes with the preposition ב־ when you say you are proud of someone or something.

So the pattern is:

• גאה ב... = proud of ...

Examples:

• אני גאה בך = I am proud of you
• היא גאה בבן שלה = She is proud of her son

English uses proud of, but Hebrew uses גאה ב־. It is just the standard pattern you need to learn with this adjective.

In normal unvowelled writing, בך can refer to either masculine singular you or feminine singular you.

So the spelling is the same, but the context tells you which one is meant. In this sentence, את shows that the listener is female, so בך is understood as you feminine singular.

This is common in Hebrew: sometimes gender is clear from the surrounding words rather than from one word by itself.

Both are possible, but there is a slight difference in feel.

• מדברת עברית is a very common way to say that someone speaks Hebrew as a language
• מדברת בעברית can emphasize that the speaking is being done in Hebrew, or simply sound a bit more explicit

With language names, Hebrew often uses the language directly after לדבר:

• לדבר עברית
• לדבר אנגלית
• לדבר צרפתית

So את מדברת עברית is completely natural.

Because טוב here is functioning like an adverb: it describes how she speaks.

It does not describe the noun עברית as an adjective.

Compare:

• את מדברת עברית טוב מאוד = You speak Hebrew very well
• עברית טובה מאוד = Very good Hebrew

In the first sentence, טוב goes with the action of speaking, so it does not change to match עברית.

Yes.

היטב also means well, and it is often felt to be a bit more formal or more written in style.

So these are both correct:

• את מדברת עברית היטב
• את מדברת עברית טוב מאוד

The version with טוב מאוד sounds very natural and conversational.

Because in Hebrew, מאוד usually comes after the word it strengthens.

So Hebrew normally says:

• טוב מאוד = very good / very well
• יפה מאוד = very beautiful / very nice
• קשה מאוד = very difficult

This is different from English, where very comes before the adjective or adverb.

In regular unvowelled spelling, the singular form is written גאה for both masculine and feminine, so both a man and a woman can write:

• אני גאה בך

So from spelling alone, you usually cannot tell the speaker's gender here.

In the plural, however, the forms do change:

• אנחנו גאים = we are proud, masculine or mixed
• אנחנו גאות = we are proud, feminine plural only

So this sentence tells you the listener is female because of את מדברת, but it does not clearly show the speaker's gender from גאה alone.