אני רוצה לדבר איתן אחרי השיעור.

Because after רוצה (want) Hebrew normally uses an infinitive, just like English uses to + verb.

• אני רוצה לדבר = I want to speak / talk
• לדבר is the infinitive to speak / to talk

This pattern is very common:

• אני רוצה לאכול = I want to eat
• אני רוצה ללכת = I want to go

So רוצה + infinitive is the standard structure.

Yes, but only in pronunciation, not in the usual spelling without vowel marks.

The word רוצה can be:

• רוֹצֶה (rotze) for a male speaker
• רוֹצָה (rotza) for a female speaker

So the written sentence could be said by either a man or a woman. You only know from context or from hearing it spoken.

Because with לדבר, Hebrew often uses a preposition meaning with, where English might say to or with depending on context.

So Hebrew commonly says:

• לדבר עם...
• לדבר אית...

Both mean something like talk with / speak with, and in many situations that matches English talk to as well.

So לדבר איתן is a normal Hebrew way to say that you want to talk to those people.

Because אותן is a direct object pronoun, while לדבר here needs a prepositional form.

Compare:

• אני רואה אותן = I see them
  Here אותן is the direct object.

But:

• אני מדבר איתן = I speak with them
  Here Hebrew needs the preposition with, so it uses איתן.

So after לדבר in this sentence, אותן would be wrong.

Yes, but this is a different use, and that can be confusing for learners.

Hebrew has:

• את as the direct object marker
• אֶת / אִת־ as an older/literary form meaning with, which survives very commonly in forms like:
  • איתי = with me
  • איתך = with you
  • איתו = with him
  • איתה = with her
  • איתם / איתן = with them

So in איתן, this is not the direct object marker at all. It is the with form.

איתן means with them for a feminine plural group.

So it refers to:

• them = more than one person
• specifically female people, or a group treated grammatically as feminine

The masculine/mixed equivalent is איתם.

So:

• לדבר איתן = speak with them (feminine plural)
• לדבר איתם = speak with them (masculine plural or mixed group)

Only if the group is masculine or mixed.

In standard Hebrew:

• איתן = with them, feminine plural
• איתם = with them, masculine plural / mixed plural

In casual spoken Hebrew, some speakers use masculine plural forms more broadly, especially for mixed or unspecified groups. But if you know the group is all female, איתן is the accurate form.

Because השיעור means the lesson / the class, referring to a specific one that both speaker and listener understand.

• אחרי השיעור = after the lesson/class

The ה־ is the definite article, like the in English.

Without ה־, אחרי שיעור can sometimes appear in certain colloquial or less specific contexts, but אחרי השיעור is the most straightforward and standard way to say after the lesson/class when a particular class is meant.

שיעור can mean several related things, depending on context:

• lesson
• class
• lecture

In this sentence, it most likely means the class or the lesson. In a school or course context, that is the most natural reading.

No. In this sentence, איתן is the pronoun form meaning with them (feminine plural).

That said, the spelling is the same as the common Hebrew male name Eitan. Context tells you which one it is.

Here, because it comes after לדבר, the meaning is clearly grammatical:

• לדבר איתן = to talk with them

not

• to talk with a person named Eitan

Yes. Hebrew word order is fairly flexible, though the original order is very natural.

You can say:

• אני רוצה לדבר איתן אחרי השיעור.
• אחרי השיעור אני רוצה לדבר איתן.

Both are correct.

The second version puts more emphasis on after the class. The original version is probably the most neutral everyday order.

A common pronunciation would be:

ani rotze / rotza ledaber itan acharei ha-shi-UR

More closely by word:

• אני = a-NI
• רוצה = rot-ZE (male) / rot-ZA (female)
• לדבר = leda-BER
• איתן = i-TAN
• אחרי = acha-REI
• השיעור = ha-shi-UR

The main stress is usually near the end of each word, especially in:

• לדבר
• איתן
• אחרי
• השיעור