בסוף כל שיעור אני מסכמת במחברת את המילים החדשות ואת הנושא המרכזי.

After כל, Hebrew often uses a singular noun to give a distributive meaning: every X.

So:

• כל שיעור = every lesson
• literally, it is more like each lesson

This is normal Hebrew structure.

בסוף is ב + סוף:

• ב = in / at
• סוף = end

So בסוף means at the end of.

In בסוף כל שיעור, the whole phrase means at the end of every lesson.

In the Hebrew present tense, the verb form usually shows gender and number, but not clearly person.

So מסכמת can mean:

• I summarize / I am summarizing if the speaker is female
• you summarize / you are summarizing to one female
• she summarizes / she is summarizing

Because of that, אני helps make it clear that the meaning is I.

Because the speaker is feminine singular.

• מסכם = masculine singular
• מסכמת = feminine singular

So:

• a male speaker would say אני מסכם
• a female speaker says אני מסכמת

It is the present tense form.

In Hebrew, the present tense often covers both:

• I summarize
• I am summarizing

The exact English translation depends on context. In this sentence, either one could work, though I summarize may sound more natural if this is a habitual action.

The basic dictionary form is usually the infinitive לסכם, meaning to summarize.

Useful related forms:

• לסכם = to summarize
• מסכם = summarizing / summarizes, masculine singular
• מסכמת = summarizing / summarizes, feminine singular

The root is ס־כ־ם.

In unpointed Hebrew writing, במחברת can look the same for both:

• in a notebook
• in the notebook

The vowel pointing would distinguish them, but in everyday writing it is usually omitted.

In context, this sentence most naturally means something like:

• in the notebook
• or simply in my notebook, if that is understood from context

So the exact English wording depends on the situation.

Here את is the definite direct object marker. It does not get translated into English.

Hebrew uses את before a direct object when that object is definite, for example when it has ה־.

So:

• את המילים החדשות = the definite object the new words

Important: this את is not the preposition meaning with.

Because there are two separate definite direct objects:

• את המילים החדשות
• ואת הנושא המרכזי

Repeating את before the second object is very common and natural in Hebrew. It makes the sentence clearer and neatly marks both objects.

In Hebrew, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• המילים החדשות = the new words
• הנושא המרכזי = the main/central topic

This is the normal word order for noun + adjective in Hebrew.

Because Hebrew adjectives must agree with the noun in gender and number.

• מילים is feminine plural, so the adjective is חדשות = feminine plural
• נושא is masculine singular, so the adjective is מרכזי = masculine singular

So the agreement is:

• מילים חדשות
• נושא מרכזי

Because in Hebrew, if a noun phrase is definite, the adjective also becomes definite.

So:

• מילים חדשות = new words
• המילים החדשות = the new words

And:

• נושא מרכזי = a main/central topic
• הנושא המרכזי = the main/central topic

This is a very important Hebrew pattern.

The word order is somewhat flexible.

The given sentence is:

• בסוף כל שיעור אני מסכמת במחברת את המילים החדשות ואת הנושא המרכזי.

But Hebrew could also say:

• בסוף כל שיעור אני מסכמת את המילים החדשות ואת הנושא המרכזי במחברת.

Both are possible. The difference is mostly about style, rhythm, or emphasis, not basic meaning.

Only the verb would change:

• בסוף כל שיעור אני מסכם במחברת את המילים החדשות ואת הנושא המרכזי.

The difference is:

• מסכמת = female speaker
• מסכם = male speaker