Η τρυφερότητα της γιαγιάς μου έδιωξε την αμηχανία της μικρής.

Greek uses the definite article much more often than English.

In this sentence:

• Η τρυφερότητα = the tenderness
• της γιαγιάς μου = of my grandmother
• την αμηχανία = the awkwardness / embarrassment
• της μικρής = of the little girl / of the little one

So the articles are not extra or strange in Greek; they are a normal part of how nouns are marked for gender, number, and case.

Also, the forms change depending on case:

• η = nominative feminine singular
• την = accusative feminine singular
• της = genitive feminine singular

The subject is Η τρυφερότητα της γιαγιάς μου.

A useful clue is the case:

• Η τρυφερότητα is in the nominative case, which is the usual case for the subject.
• την αμηχανία is in the accusative case, which is the usual case for the direct object.

So:

• Η τρυφερότητα της γιαγιάς μου = the subject
• έδιωξε = the verb
• την αμηχανία της μικρής = the object

Even if the word order changed, the case endings would still help you identify who did what.

Because Greek usually expresses possession with the genitive.

So:

• η γιαγιά μου = my grandmother
• η τρυφερότητα της γιαγιάς μου = my grandmother’s tenderness / the tenderness of my grandmother

Here, της γιαγιάς μου tells you whose tenderness it is.

Breakdown:

• της = genitive feminine singular article
• γιαγιάς = genitive singular of η γιαγιά
• μου = my

This is very common in Greek:

• το σπίτι του φίλου μου = my friend’s house
• η φωνή της μητέρας της = her mother’s voice

In Greek, the weak possessive forms like μου, σου, του, της, μας, σας, τους usually come after the noun.

So Greek says:

• η γιαγιά μου = literally the grandmother my
• το βιβλίο σου = your book
• η αδελφή της = her sister

That is just the normal Greek pattern.

In your sentence:

• της γιαγιάς μου = of my grandmother

έδιωξε is the aorist form of the verb διώχνω, which means things like:

• drive away
• chase away
• send away
• dispel

Here it means something like drove away or dispelled.

Grammatically, έδιωξε is:

• 3rd person singular
• past tense
• aorist
• so: he/she/it drove away

Since the subject is Η τρυφερότητα (the tenderness), the translation is:

• The tenderness ... drove away / dispelled ...

The ε- at the beginning is the usual past-tense augment.

Because the subject is singular:

• Η τρυφερότητα = the tenderness

Even though the phrase της γιαγιάς μου follows it, that part is just a possessor, not an additional subject.

So the core subject is singular, and the verb must also be singular:

• Η τρυφερότητα ... έδιωξε ...

If the subject were plural, the verb would be plural too.

της μικρής literally means of the little one or of the little girl, depending on context.

Here, μικρής is an adjective being used substantively—in other words, the noun is understood rather than stated.

So instead of saying something like:

• της μικρής κοπέλας
• του μικρού παιδιού (if the form matched a different gender/case)

Greek can simply say:

• της μικρής

Because the adjective is:

• feminine
• singular
• genitive

it suggests an implied feminine noun, often something like κοπέλας or μικρής in the sense of little girl / little one.

So:

• την αμηχανία της μικρής = the little girl’s embarrassment/awkwardness

Because it depends on την αμηχανία and shows possession:

• the embarrassment of the little girl
• the little girl’s embarrassment

In Greek, that possessive relationship is usually expressed with the genitive, so the adjective also appears in the genitive:

• της μικρής

It matches the implied feminine noun in:

• gender: feminine
• number: singular
• case: genitive

Because it is the direct object of the verb έδιωξε.

The sentence is saying that the tenderness drove away something—namely, the awkwardness / embarrassment.

So:

• subject: Η τρυφερότητα της γιαγιάς μου
• verb: έδιωξε
• object: την αμηχανία της μικρής

The accusative marks what was affected by the action.

Yes. Greek word order is often more flexible than English because the case endings already show the grammatical roles.

This sentence could be rearranged for emphasis, for example:

• Η τρυφερότητα της γιαγιάς μου έδιωξε την αμηχανία της μικρής.
• Την αμηχανία της μικρής έδιωξε η τρυφερότητα της γιαγιάς μου.

Both are grammatical, but the emphasis changes.

The version you were given is neutral and natural:

• subject first
• verb second
• object after the verb

Because Greek normally uses the genitive case instead.

English:

• my grandmother’s tenderness
• the little girl’s embarrassment

Greek:

• η τρυφερότητα της γιαγιάς μου
• η αμηχανία της μικρής

So instead of adding something like -’s, Greek changes the form of the noun or article to show possession.

That is one of the main jobs of the genitive in Greek.

Not in this sentence.

Here, both instances of της are genitive feminine singular articles, meaning roughly of the:

• της γιαγιάς μου = of my grandmother
• της μικρής = of the little girl / little one

Greek της can also be a weak pronoun meaning her or to her, but that is not what it is doing here.

So in this sentence, think of της as part of the noun phrase, not as a separate possessive pronoun.

A simple way to see it is:

• Η τρυφερότητα = subject noun
• της γιαγιάς μου = genitive phrase telling whose tenderness
• έδιωξε = verb
• την αμηχανία = direct object
• της μικρής = genitive phrase telling whose embarrassment

So the pattern is:

[Subject] + [Verb] + [Object]

with two genitive phrases added to show possession:

• my grandmother’s tenderness
• the little girl’s embarrassment