Ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος όταν μιλάει.

Ο is the masculine singular definite article, meaning the.

So:

• ο παπαγάλος = the parrot

In Greek, nouns normally use an article much more often than in English, and the article has to match the noun’s gender, number, and case.

Here, παπαγάλος is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative (because it is the subject)

So the correct article is ο.

Not necessarily. In Greek, grammatical gender and real-life sex are not always the same thing.

παπαγάλος is a masculine noun as a vocabulary item, so it takes masculine articles and adjectives:

• ο παπαγάλος
• χαριτωμένος

Even if you are just talking about a parrot in general, you still use the masculine grammatical form unless you specifically choose a different wording.

είναι is the third person singular form of είμαι = to be.

Here it means:

• είναι = is

So:

• Ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος = The parrot is very cute

A useful point: είναι is used for he/she/it is and also for they are in Modern Greek, so context tells you which one it means.

Because adjectives in Greek must agree with the noun they describe.

Since παπαγάλος is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

the adjective also has to be:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

So:

• masculine: χαριτωμένος
• feminine: χαριτωμένη
• neuter: χαριτωμένο

Examples:

• Ο παπαγάλος είναι χαριτωμένος.
• Η γάτα είναι χαριτωμένη.
• Το παιδί είναι χαριτωμένο.

χαριτωμένος means something like:

• cute
• adorable
• charming

Depending on context, it can describe someone or something as pleasant, sweet, or endearing.

In this sentence, πολύ χαριτωμένος is most naturally understood as very cute.

Here πολύ is an adverb, meaning very.

It modifies the adjective χαριτωμένος:

• πολύ χαριτωμένος = very cute

This is different from πολύς / πολλή / πολύ, which can also be an adjective meaning much/many/a lot of.

Compare:

• πολύ χαριτωμένος = very cute
• πολύ νερό = a lot of water

So in your sentence, πολύ is not agreeing with anything; it is simply acting as very.

όταν means when.

It introduces a subordinate clause:

• όταν μιλάει = when he/it talks / when it speaks

So the full sentence means that the parrot is very cute at the time when it speaks.

Greek often uses όταν + verb just like English uses when + verb.

Examples:

• Όταν γελάει, είναι όμορφη. = When she laughs, she is beautiful.
• Όταν βρέχει, μένουμε μέσα. = When it rains, we stay inside.

Because Greek often leaves out subject pronouns when they are already clear from the verb form or the context.

This is called a pro-drop language.

So:

• μιλάει can mean he speaks, she speaks, or it speaks

In this sentence, the subject is obviously ο παπαγάλος, so there is no need to say a separate word for it.

If you added the pronoun, it would usually be for emphasis or contrast, not because it is necessary.

μιλάει is the third person singular present tense of μιλάω / μιλώ = to speak / to talk.

So here it means:

• μιλάει = he/she/it speaks or is speaking, depending on context

In your sentence:

• όταν μιλάει = when it speaks

Greek present tense often covers both the simple present and the progressive idea that English sometimes expresses with speaks / is speaking.

Yes, in most everyday Modern Greek, μιλάει and μιλά are both accepted forms.

Both can mean:

• he/she/it speaks
• he/she/it is speaking

The longer form μιλάει is very common in everyday use and can feel a bit clearer to learners because the ending is more visible.

So these are both possible:

• Ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος όταν μιλάει.
• Ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος όταν μιλά.

Same meaning.

Yes. Greek word order is often more flexible than English word order.

Your sentence is completely natural:

• Ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος όταν μιλάει.

But other orders are also possible, depending on emphasis. For example:

• Όταν μιλάει, ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος.
• Ο παπαγάλος, όταν μιλάει, είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος.

These all mean essentially the same thing, but the focus shifts slightly:

• putting όταν μιλάει first highlights the when
• keeping it at the end sounds very straightforward and natural

The main change would be in the article and the adjective, because they must agree with the noun.

For example:

• masculine: Ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος.
• feminine: Η γάτα είναι πολύ χαριτωμένη.
• neuter: Το πουλί είναι πολύ χαριτωμένο.

Notice:

• ο / η / το
• χαριτωμένος / χαριτωμένη / χαριτωμένο

The adverb πολύ and the verb είναι do not change here.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

o papa-GHA-los EE-ne po-LEE ha-ri-to-ME-nos O-tan mi-LA-i

A few helpful notes:

• γ before α in παπαγάλος is like a soft voiced sound, often approximated as gh
• αι in μιλάει sounds like e
• the stressed syllables are:
  • παπαγάλος
  • είναι
  • πολύ
  • χαριτωμένος
  • μιλάει

Listening to native audio is the best way to internalize the rhythm, but this should help you get started.

Because όταν μιλάει is closely connected to the main idea and works naturally without a comma here.

Greek punctuation is similar to English in many ways, but short subordinate clauses like this are often written without a comma when the sentence flows smoothly:

• Ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος όταν μιλάει.

You may also see commas in some contexts for emphasis or clarity, especially if the clause comes first:

• Όταν μιλάει, ο παπαγάλος είναι πολύ χαριτωμένος.

So the version without a comma in your sentence is perfectly normal.