Η μαμά μου αναστενάζει κάθε φορά που αργεί το λεωφορείο.

In Greek, short possessive pronouns like μου (my), σου (your), and του/της (his/her) usually come after the noun:

• η μαμά μου = my mom
• ο αδερφός σου = your brother
• το σπίτι της = her house

So Greek says something closer to the mom my rather than my mom.

With family words especially, this pattern is extremely common and natural.

Greek uses the definite article much more often than English. So η μαμά μου literally contains the:

• η = the for a feminine singular noun
• μαμά = mom
• μου = my

Together: η μαμά μου = my mom

In many everyday contexts, Greek prefers the article with possessive expressions.
So where English says my mom, Greek often says the mom my.

αναστενάζει means she sighs or is sighing, depending on context.

It comes from the verb αναστενάζω = to sigh.

Here it is in the 3rd person singular present tense, because the subject is η μαμά μου (my mom):

• αναστενάζω = I sigh
• αναστενάζεις = you sigh
• αναστενάζει = he/she/it sighs

Greek present tense can often translate as either:

• she sighs
• she is sighing

The exact English choice depends on context.

Yes, κάθε φορά που means every time that or more naturally whenever.

Breakdown:

• κάθε = every
• φορά = time / occasion
• που = that / when

So:

• κάθε φορά που αργεί το λεωφορείο
  = every time the bus is late = whenever the bus is late

Both English translations are fine.

In this sentence, που links κάθε φορά to the clause that follows:

• κάθε φορά που αργεί το λεωφορείο
• every time that the bus is late

It works a bit like that, when, or whenever depending on the structure.

This is a very common Greek pattern:

• κάθε φορά που σε βλέπω = every time I see you
• τη μέρα που ήρθες = the day you came

So here, που introduces the event that happens each time.

Yes. Here αργεί means is late.

It comes from αργώ, which can mean:

• to be late
• to take a long time

In this sentence:

• αργεί το λεωφορείο = the bus is late

So the mother sighs whenever the bus is late.

Be careful not to confuse it with English delay as a transitive verb.
Greek αργεί here is not the bus delays something. It means the bus itself is late.

Both are possible in Greek.

• αργεί το λεωφορείο
• το λεωφορείο αργεί

Both mean the bus is late.

Greek word order is more flexible than English because noun endings and articles help show what each word is doing.

In this sentence, αργεί το λεωφορείο sounds very natural after κάθε φορά που. It can give a slightly smoother or more event-focused flow, something like:

• every time the bus is late

So the verb-first order is not strange; it is just a natural Greek option.

Both are in the nominative, because both are subjects of their verbs.

• Η μαμά μου is the subject of αναστενάζει
• το λεωφορείο is the subject of αργεί

So:

• η μαμά μου αναστενάζει = my mom sighs
• αργεί το λεωφορείο = the bus is late

Even though το λεωφορείο comes after the verb, it is still the subject.

You can tell it is neuter because of the article το:

• το λεωφορείο = the bus

In Greek, nouns have grammatical gender: masculine, feminine, or neuter.
The article tells you the gender:

• ο = masculine
• η = feminine
• το = neuter

So in this sentence:

• η μαμά is feminine
• το λεωφορείο is neuter

This grammatical gender does not mean the bus is somehow actually gendered in real life; it is just part of Greek grammar.

Yes, but the tone changes.

• μαμά = mom / mummy / mommy, depending on context
• μητέρα = mother

So:

• Η μαμά μου αναστενάζει... sounds natural and everyday
• Η μητέρα μου αναστενάζει... sounds more formal or neutral

A native speaker would usually use μαμά in casual speech when talking about their own mother.

Yes. Greek uses the present tense for habitual actions, just like English often does.

So:

• Η μαμά μου αναστενάζει κάθε φορά που αργεί το λεωφορείο.

means a repeated, usual action:

• My mom sighs whenever the bus is late.

This is not necessarily happening right now. It describes what generally happens.

Greek present tense can cover:

• actions happening now
• habitual or repeated actions
• general truths

Context tells you which meaning is intended.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

ee ma-MA moo a-na-ste-NA-zee KA-the fo-RA poo ar-GHEE to le-o-fo-REE-o

A few useful notes:

• η sounds like ee
• θ in κάθε sounds like th in think
• γ before ε/ι often sounds like a soft sound somewhat like the y in some pronunciations, but in αργεί many learners approximate it as a soft voiced sound; listening to natives helps a lot
• Stress matters in Greek:
  • μαμά
  • αναστενάζει
  • φορά
  • αργεί
  • λεωφορείο

If you place the stress correctly, your Greek will sound much more natural.