Η λύση αυτή είναι μόνο προσωρινή, αλλά προς το παρόν μας βολεύει.

Both are possible, but they are used a little differently.

• αυτή η λύση = this solution in the most neutral, everyday way
• η λύση αυτή = also this solution, but slightly more formal, written, or emphatic

So η λύση αυτή is not wrong or unusual; it just sounds a bit more formal or stylistically marked than αυτή η λύση.

It is nominative feminine singular, because it refers to η λύση.

• η λύση = the solution
• αυτή = this

Both match in:

• gender: feminine
• number: singular
• case: nominative

So η λύση αυτή literally means the solution, this one.

Because it agrees with η λύση, which is a feminine noun.

Greek adjectives change form to match the noun they describe.

Here:

• η λύση = feminine singular
• προσωρινή = feminine singular form of temporary

Compare:

• προσωρινός = masculine
• προσωρινή = feminine
• προσωρινό = neuter

μόνο means only. It modifies προσωρινή here.

So:

• είναι μόνο προσωρινή = it is only temporary

It emphasizes that the solution is temporary and not a full or permanent answer.

Because προσωρινή is being used as a predicate adjective, not as an adjective directly inside a noun phrase.

Compare:

• η προσωρινή λύση = the temporary solution
  
  • adjective directly modifies the noun
• η λύση είναι προσωρινή = the solution is temporary
  
  • adjective comes after είναι and describes the subject

In your sentence, it is the second pattern:

• Η λύση αυτή είναι μόνο προσωρινή

προς το παρόν means for the time being, for now, or at present.

It is a fixed expression. Learners should usually memorize it as a whole phrase rather than translating each word separately every time.

Examples:

• Προς το παρόν δεν ξέρω. = For now, I don’t know.
• Προς το παρόν μένουμε εδώ. = For the time being, we’re staying here.

Not exactly.

• τώρα = now
• προς το παρόν = for the time being / for now

προς το παρόν suggests the current situation may change later. It often has a temporary feeling.

So in this sentence, προς το παρόν is better than τώρα, because the whole idea is that the solution is temporary but acceptable at the moment.

βολεύει is a very common Greek verb that can mean things like:

• it suits
• it is convenient
• it works
• it is acceptable / manageable

In this sentence, μας βολεύει means something like:

• it suits us for now
• it works for us at the moment
• it is convenient for us for the time being

The exact English translation depends on context, but the Greek idea is that this temporary solution is practical or acceptable for us right now.

Because μας is a weak object pronoun, and in Greek these pronouns normally come before the verb.

So:

• μας βολεύει = it suits us / it works for us

This is the normal word order.

Other examples:

• με βοηθάει = it helps me
• σε ξέρει = he/she knows you
• τους αρέσει = they like it

μας is the unstressed form meaning us or to us, depending on the verb.

With βολεύει, it expresses the people affected:

• μας βολεύει = it suits us / it works for us

You can think of it as an object pronoun. In practice, learners usually just learn the expression as:

• με βολεύει = it suits me
• σε βολεύει = it suits you
• μας βολεύει = it suits us

Because the verb agrees with the subject, not with μας.

The subject here is:

• Η λύση αυτή = this solution

That is singular, so the verb is singular:

• βολεύει = it suits / it works

μας is just the object-like pronoun meaning us.

So the structure is:

• This solution = subject
• suits us = verb + pronoun

Both are present tense.

• είναι = is
• βολεύει = suits / works

Even though the sentence talks about something temporary, Greek uses the present tense because it describes the current situation.

Yes, in this sentence it does.

• αλλά = but

It links two contrasting ideas:

1. Η λύση αυτή είναι μόνο προσωρινή
   = This solution is only temporary

2. αλλά προς το παρόν μας βολεύει
   = but for the time being it works for us

So the contrast is:

• it is not ideal or permanent,
• but it is acceptable for now.

Not with exactly the same structure.

You could say:

• Η λύση αυτή είναι βολική. = This solution is convenient.

But that is different from:

• μας βολεύει = it suits us / it works for us

βολική describes the solution itself as convenient.
μας βολεύει focuses more on whether it is convenient for us in this situation.

Greek often prefers βολεύει when speaking about what fits someone’s needs.

Yes. The combination

• μόνο προσωρινή
• προς το παρόν
• μας βολεύει

sounds very natural in Greek.

It expresses a common real-life idea:

• something is not permanent or ideal,
• but it is good enough for now.

A learner should pay special attention to:

• προς το παρόν as a set phrase
• βολεύω / βολεύει as a very common verb in everyday Greek

A slightly more neutral everyday version would be:

• Αυτή η λύση είναι μόνο προσωρινή, αλλά προς το παρόν μας βολεύει.

This means the same thing. The original version,

• Η λύση αυτή... just sounds a bit more formal or stylistically polished.