Η ακτινογραφία βγήκε καθαρή και στο αίμα δεν φάνηκε κάτι σοβαρό.

Βγήκε is the aorist form of βγαίνω, which literally means to go out / come out.

In this sentence, though, it is used idiomatically for a result:

• Η ακτινογραφία βγήκε καθαρή
  = The X-ray came back clear = The X-ray turned out clear

So it does not mean that the X-ray physically went somewhere. It means the result was clear.

Because καθαρή agrees with η ακτινογραφία.

• ακτινογραφία is feminine singular
• so the adjective must also be feminine singular
• therefore: καθαρή

Agreement is very important in Greek:

• η ακτινογραφία → καθαρή
• το αποτέλεσμα → καθαρό
• ο έλεγχος → καθαρός

So καθαρή simply matches the gender and number of ακτινογραφία.

Greek uses the definite article much more regularly than English.

Here Η ακτινογραφία means the X-ray, referring to the specific X-ray already known in the situation. In a medical context, that is very natural.

English sometimes drops articles in shorthand, especially in medical notes, but Greek normally keeps them in a full sentence.

So:

• Η ακτινογραφία βγήκε καθαρή = The X-ray came back clear

Both βγήκε and φάνηκε are in the aorist.

The Greek aorist is often used for a single completed event or a finished outcome. That fits perfectly here, because the sentence is talking about test results that became known.

• βγήκε = it came back / turned out
• φάνηκε = it appeared / showed up

So the sentence reports completed findings:

• the X-ray result came back clear
• nothing serious showed up in the blood

Greek uses the aorist very naturally for this kind of medical update.

Στο αίμα is a contraction of:

• σε
  • το = στο

So literally it means in the blood.

In a medical context, though, it often really means something like:

• in the blood test
• in the bloodwork
• in the blood results

So a natural English translation is often not the literal in the blood, but rather in the blood tests or in the bloodwork, depending on context.

Also, αίμα is neuter, which is why the article is το, giving στο.

Φάνηκε is the aorist of φαίνομαι.

Depending on context, φαίνομαι can mean:

• appear
• be seen
• show
• seem

In this sentence, the meaning is closest to:

• showed up
• appeared
• was seen

So:

• δεν φάνηκε κάτι σοβαρό
  = nothing serious showed up = nothing serious was seen

This is very natural Greek in medical or diagnostic language.

That is a very common learner question.

Yes, κάτι basically means something, but in negative sentences Greek can use it in a way that English would often translate as anything.

So:

• δεν φάνηκε κάτι σοβαρό
  naturally means nothing serious showed up or anything serious did not show up

You may also hear:

• δεν φάνηκε τίποτα σοβαρό

That version is more explicitly negative and often feels a bit stronger or more direct:

• τίποτα σοβαρό = nothing serious

Both are natural. In this sentence, κάτι σοβαρό is perfectly idiomatic.

Κάτι is an indefinite pronoun meaning something / anything.

Σοβαρό is a neuter singular adjective, and it matches κάτι, which behaves as neuter singular.

So:

• κάτι = something / anything
• σοβαρό = serious
• κάτι σοβαρό = something serious / anything serious

This is a very common pattern in Greek:

• κάτι καλό = something good
• κάτι περίεργο = something strange
• κάτι σημαντικό = something important

Grammatically, κάτι σοβαρό is the subject.

A very literal breakdown would be:

• στο αίμα = in the blood
• δεν φάνηκε = did not appear / was not seen
• κάτι σοβαρό = anything serious / something serious

So the structure is roughly:

• Nothing serious appeared in the blood

Even though in English we may think of this as a general statement about test results, in Greek κάτι σοβαρό is the thing that would have appeared, so it functions as the subject.

Greek word order is more flexible than English word order, and speakers often move elements forward to set the scene or highlight what area they are talking about.

By putting στο αίμα early, the sentence frames the second result as:

• and in the blood, nothing serious showed up

That sounds very natural in Greek, especially in spoken explanations or medical updates.

The sentence is basically organized as:

1. X-ray result
2. blood result

So the fronted στο αίμα helps the listener follow that shift.

Yes, you could, but the nuance is slightly different.

• Η ακτινογραφία βγήκε καθαρή
  focuses on the result coming back
• Η ακτινογραφία ήταν καθαρή
  simply states that the X-ray was clear

In medical contexts, βγήκε καθαρή is especially common because it emphasizes the outcome of the examination or test.

So both are possible, but βγήκε καθαρή sounds more like a report of findings.

It is very natural, especially in a medical context.

A speaker is reporting two reassuring findings:

• Η ακτινογραφία βγήκε καθαρή
• και στο αίμα δεν φάνηκε κάτι σοβαρό

This is the kind of Greek you might hear from:

• a doctor
• a family member repeating what the doctor said
• someone giving an update after tests

It sounds normal, idiomatic, and clear.