Breakdown of Περιμένω να έρθεις νωρίς αύριο.
Questions & Answers about Περιμένω να έρθεις νωρίς αύριο.
What does Περιμένω mean here? Is it I wait or I expect?
It can be either, depending on context.
- Περιμένω by itself often means I wait.
- With να
- verb, it can mean I’m waiting for / I expect something to happen.
So this sentence can feel like:
- I’m waiting for you to come early tomorrow, or
- I expect you to come early tomorrow.
Greek περιμένω covers both ideas more easily than English does.
Why is να used before έρθεις?
Να introduces a dependent verb clause, usually called the subjunctive in Modern Greek.
After verbs like:
- θέλω = I want
- ελπίζω = I hope
- περιμένω = I wait / expect
Greek normally uses να + verb.
So:
- Περιμένω να έρθεις = I expect / am waiting for you to come
In English we often use an infinitive (to come), but Modern Greek does not use an infinitive this way. It uses να + a finite verb instead.
What exactly is έρθεις?
Έρθεις is the 2nd person singular aorist subjunctive form of έρχομαι (to come).
Here it means you come in the sense of a future or expected action after να:
- να έρθεις = for you to come
A useful mini-pattern is:
- να έρθω = for me to come
- να έρθεις = for you to come
- να έρθει = for him/her/it to come
So the ending -εις tells you the subject is you (singular).
Why is it έρθεις and not έρχεσαι?
This is mainly about aspect.
- να έρθεις uses the aorist stem and treats the action as one whole event: one arrival.
- να έρχεσαι uses the present stem and usually suggests something ongoing, repeated, or habitual.
In this sentence, the speaker is talking about one specific coming/arrival tomorrow, so να έρθεις is the natural choice.
Compare:
- Περιμένω να έρθεις αύριο. = I expect you to come tomorrow.
- Περιμένω να έρχεσαι νωρίς κάθε μέρα. = I expect you to come early every day.
Why not θα έρθεις?
Because after να, Greek uses the subjunctive, not θα.
So:
- Περιμένω να έρθεις = correct
- Περιμένω να θα έρθεις = not standard Greek
Even though the action is in the future from the speaker’s point of view, Greek expresses it here with να + subjunctive, not with the future particle θα.
Does έρθεις mean past because it starts with έ-?
No. In this sentence, έρθεις is not past.
That is a very common learner question, because many past forms in Greek also have έ-. But here έρθεις belongs to the irregular verb system of έρχομαι, and after να it is a subjunctive form, not a past tense.
So in:
- να έρθεις
the meaning is to come / that you come, not you came.
Why is there no separate word for you?
Because Greek often drops subject pronouns when the verb ending already shows who the subject is.
Here, έρθεις already means you come, so εσύ is not necessary.
- Περιμένω να έρθεις νωρίς αύριο. = neutral
- Περιμένω να έρθεις εσύ νωρίς αύριο. = adds emphasis, something like I expect you to come early tomorrow
Greek does this a lot, much more than English.
What kind of word is νωρίς?
Νωρίς is an adverb, meaning early.
It modifies the verb έρθεις:
- να έρθεις νωρίς = to come early
It does not change form for gender, number, or case. It stays νωρίς.
Can the order of νωρίς and αύριο change?
Yes. Greek word order is fairly flexible, especially with adverbs.
All of these are possible:
- Περιμένω να έρθεις νωρίς αύριο.
- Περιμένω να έρθεις αύριο νωρίς.
- Αύριο περιμένω να έρθεις νωρίς.
The basic meaning stays the same, but the emphasis can shift a little depending on what the speaker wants to highlight.
So the given order is natural, but it is not the only possible one.
Could I say Σε περιμένω instead?
You can say Σε περιμένω, but it means something slightly different:
- Σε περιμένω. = I’m waiting for you.
In your sentence, the speaker is not just saying they are waiting for you; they are saying they are waiting/expecting that you come early tomorrow. That is why Greek uses:
- Περιμένω να έρθεις νωρίς αύριο.
So:
- Σε περιμένω = direct object you
- Περιμένω να έρθεις... = a whole clause as the thing expected/waited for
How is the sentence pronounced?
A rough pronunciation guide is:
pe-ri-ME-no na ER-this no-RIS AV-rio
A few useful points:
- Περιμένω → stress on -μέ-
- έρθεις → θ sounds like th in think
- νωρίς → stress on the last syllable
- αύριο → usually sounds like AV-rio, because αυ before a voiced sound is pronounced av
So the full sentence sounds approximately like:
pe-ri-ME-no na ER-this no-RIS AV-rio
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